“…Matrix effect Excellent simultaneous multielement analysis ability Normal pressure sample introduction On-line separation and analysis ICP-MS was developed by combining an inductively coupled plasma source at normal pressure with mass spectrometry. 25 Since its rst commercial introduction at the Pittsburgh Conference in 1983, ICP-MS has been frequently used for the accurate and precise determination of radionuclides in nuclear material samples, 26,27 radioactive waste samples, [28][29][30] environmental samples, [31][32][33] geological samples, 34,35 and biological samples. [36][37][38][39] ICP-MS has great advantages due to its relatively low cost, easy sample introduction and high sample throughput when compared with other mass spectrometric methods.…”