Applications for pharmacogenomics in pharmacy practice: A scoping review

Hayashi, Meagan; Hamdy, Dalia A.; Mahmoud, Sherif Hanafy

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.08.009

Cited by 21 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Pharmacogenomics (PGx) has been shown to play an important role in certain prescribing situations by identifying medication responders and non-responders to avoid specific adverse events and optimize drug dose [ 1 , 2 ]. Indeed, outcome-oriented studies repeatedly demonstrate positive impacts of PGx on individuals [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], providers [ 6 , 7 ], and the healthcare system [ 8 , 9 ]. Oncology [ 10 , 11 ] and psychiatry [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ] implementations demonstrate particularly well-documented improvements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-World Impact of a Pharmacogenomics-Enriched Comprehensive Medication Management Program

Jarvis

Peter

Keogh

et al. 2022

JPM

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The availability of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) and other methods for personalizing medicine now allows evaluation of their real-world impact on healthcare delivery. For example, addressing issues associated with polypharmacy in older patients using pharmacogenomics (PGx) and comprehensive medication management (CMM) is thought to hold great promise for meaningful improvements across the goals of the Quadruple Aim. However, few studies testing these tools at scale, using relevant system-wide metrics, and under real-world conditions, have been published to date. Here, we document a reduction of ~$7000 per patient in direct medical charges (a total of $37 million over 5288 enrollees compared to 22,357 non-enrolled) in Medicare Advantage patients (≥65 years) receiving benefits through a state retirement system over the first 32 months of a voluntary PGx-enriched CMM program. We also observe a positive shift in healthcare resource utilization (HRU) away from acute care services and toward more sustainable and cost-effective primary care options. Together with improvements in medication risk assessment, patient/provider communication via pharmacist-mediated medication action plans (MAP), and the sustained positive trends in HRU, we suggest these results validate the use of a CDSS to unify PGx and CMM to optimize care for this and similar patient populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-World Impact of a Pharmacogenomics-Enriched Comprehensive Medication Management Program

Jarvis

Peter

Keogh

et al. 2022

JPM

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“…The training program consisted of 11 lectures ( Supplementary Materials 2 , Table S2.1 ) by various experts covering the competences and therapeutics identified in Figure 1 32 and the scoping review, 16 respectively, and 6 case studies developed by the research team ( Supplementary Materials 2 , Table S2.2 ). Speakers were invited by the research team based on their expertise in the field of PGx in pharmacy, with an aim to recruit experts from different countries to incorporate an international PGx approach.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The therapeutic areas of focus for this course were selected based on a scoping review on the use of pharmacogenomics in pharmacy practices. 16 , 28 Particularly, the applications of PGx in cardiovascular, psychiatric, and pain indications, which all have guidelines available from organizations such as the CPIC, were found in the literature to be feasible and clinically useful in the pharmacy setting. 16 The AACP PGx Competency statement 32 also informed the education sessions on basic genetic and pharmacogenetic knowledge, as well as the ethical, legal, social, and practical implications of use of PGx in pharmacy practice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 12 , 13 While pharmacists are nominated and acknowledged to be the best-suited health-care provider to interpret PGx test results, and subsequently recommend appropriate drug therapy, 14 , 15 few pharmacists have the training, knowledge, or confidence to do so currently ( Table 1 ). Within the results of a recent scoping review on the implementation of pharmacogenomics in pharmacy practice, 16 it was identified that settings with well-described pharmacist PGX education programs prior to providing such services saw greater prescriber acceptance of recommendations, compared to studies without pharmacist education. This demonstrates the improved ability of PGx-educated pharmacists to assess drug–gene interactions (DGIs) and communicate the appropriate management of these interactions to other health-care providers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aims of this study were to 1) establish an up-to-date, validated PGx webinar course that covered the competencies established by Roederer et al ( Figure 1 ), 32 key therapeutics identified in scoping the literature available on PGx in pharmacy practice, 16 and insights shared by international PGx experts; 2) evaluate the impact of this course on the knowledge and confidence of Alberta pharmacists in PGx; 3) explore the baseline understanding of PGx among study participants; 4) develop a validated continuing education and course curriculum that can be shared with other Alberta pharmacists asynchronously for wider future implementation of PGx in Alberta. 33

Figure 1 Pharmacogenomic competency domains, adapted from Roederer et al 32 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Efficacy of a Didactic and Case-Based Pharmacogenomics Education Program on Improving the Knowledge and Confidence of Alberta Pharmacists

Hayashi¹,

Mahmoud²,

Hamdy³

2022

PGPM

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Knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward pharmacogenomics among pharmacists and pharmacy students: A systematic review

Wondrasek,

Fryza,

Aziz

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsPharmacists have been recognized as one of the most qualified healthcare professionals in the clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics, yet its widespread implementation in clinical pharmacy practice has remained limited. The review aims to systematically investigate knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward pharmacogenomics among pharmacists and pharmacy students to inform the future delivery of pharmacogenomics education programs.MethodsPubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and the International Pharmaceutical Abstracts were searched up to May 17, 2022. Studies were selected if they included data on pharmacists' or pharmacy students' knowledge, perception, or attitude about pharmacogenomics and were published in a peer‐reviewed, English‐language journal with full‐text availability. Any published study not deemed original research was excluded. All included studies were critically appraised using the Center for Evidence‐Based Management's critical appraisal tools. The data were descriptively analyzed and presented based on pharmacists' and pharmacy students' knowledge/awareness, perception/attitudes toward pharmacogenomic (PGx), confidence in using or interpreting PGx testing results, and their desire to get further PGx education or their most preferred method of further education.ResultsA combined total of 12,430 pharmacists and pharmacy students from 26 countries are represented in the 52 included studies. Despite overwhelmingly positive attitudes and perceptions toward pharmacogenomics among pharmacists and pharmacy students, an overall lack of adequate knowledge and confidence was found. The review also found a strong desire for further pharmacogenomics education among pharmacists and pharmacy students.ConclusionPharmacists and pharmacy students have positive perceptions and attitudes toward pharmacogenomics, which is hindered by a lack of knowledge and confidence. However, inadequate control for confounders, limited representativeness of the studied population or region, and small sample sizes diminish the generalizability of the review results. Knowledge and confidence could be improved through enhanced delivery of pharmacogenomic courses within the pharmacy curriculum and continuing education programs.

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Applications for pharmacogenomics in pharmacy practice: A scoping review

Cited by 21 publications

References 101 publications

Real-World Impact of a Pharmacogenomics-Enriched Comprehensive Medication Management Program

Real-World Impact of a Pharmacogenomics-Enriched Comprehensive Medication Management Program

The Efficacy of a Didactic and Case-Based Pharmacogenomics Education Program on Improving the Knowledge and Confidence of Alberta Pharmacists

Knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward pharmacogenomics among pharmacists and pharmacy students: A systematic review

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