Applications and limitations of ADM 1 in municipal wastewater solids treatment

Abstract

The ADM 1 model has been implemented in a steady-state whole wastewater plant simulator. The ADM 1 model has been in use with good success for approximately 2 years on a wide range of wastewater treatment facilities. However, a number of modifications were necessary to allow it to be used in the context of municipal wastewater treatment. It was found that the model's use was greatly simplified if used in conjunction with a larger plant simulator to assist in the feed fractionation. It was also found that a better fit to actual operating data was achieved if some of the slowly biodegradable particulate fraction was partitioned into ADM particulate fractions other than the composite fraction. Another significant limitation of the model is in the absence of phosphorus modeling. The ADM model needs to have phosphorus handling for all the relevant fractions, and needs to include the handling of inorganic reactions such as struvite precipitation and metal phosphate/metal hydroxide precipitation. Activity effects on chemical equilibria are significant when considering phosphorus. Also of importance in wastewater treatment is the fate of sulfur compounds. This includes the generation of H2S in the digester gas and the fate of the sulfur species in the digested sludge (as a predictor of odour-generating potential).

Mathematical modelling of trace element dynamics in anaerobic digestion environments

“…Phosphorus is one of the most abundant inorganic components of AD systems (∼30% nutrient load according to Johnson and Shang (2006)). Phosphorus transformations are major drivers for precipitation processes (struvite precipitation).…”

“…The pH prediction module has been expanded to take into account physicochemical effects such as ion-activity correction, ion-pairing behavior, and weak acid-base reactions occurring in conjugation with biological reactions (Solon et al, 2015). Phosphorus metabolism has been implemented in the framework of ADM1 in (Johnson & Shang, 2006). Two major methods for incorporating phosphorus in the AD models have been identified (Solon, 2015).…”

Anaerobic co-digestion: A critical review of mathematical modelling for performance optimization

“…A key feature for incorporation into the ADM1 model is to determine the fate of phosphorus and sulfur (Table 1). This additional feature should include all phosphorus species in relevant fractions of the AcoD process (Johnson & Shang, 2006 Similarly, CCD approach utilises response surface methodology (RSM) to optimise the studied paramters.…”

Simulating the Degradation of Odor Precursors in Primary and Waste-Activated Sludge During Anaerobic Digestion

“…Some of the limitations of this model include the absence of phosphorus modeling and the fate of sulfur compounds. This includes the generation of H 2 S in the digester gas and the fate of sulfur species in the digested sludge, as a predictor of odorgenerating potential [11].…”