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Zolandz, Raymond R.; Fleming, G. K.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3548-5_5

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Our results clearly indicate that the combination of a very high He diffusion rate (Figure ) and very high He/CH 4 and Ne/CH 4 selectivities (Figure ) makes graphdiyne a very promising material for the separation of He and Ne from the hydrocarbons contained in natural gas (higher alkanes, also present in natural gas, are expected to have even smaller transmission probabilities due to their larger size). As a matter of fact, due to the very low He and Ne concentrations in most of the natural gas reservoirs, very high selectivities (about 1000) are required. This stringent requirement is indeed largely overcome by present estimations and, to our knowledge, not achieved by the polymeric membranes proposed up to date (corresponding selectivities are about 100).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphdiyne Pores: “Ad Hoc” Openings for Helium Separation Applications

et al. 2014

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Two-dimensional (2D) materials deriving from graphene, such as graphdiyne and 2D polyphenylene honeycomb (2DPPH), have been recently synthesized and exhibit uniformly distributed sub-nanometer pores, a feature that can be exploited for gas filtration applications. Accurate first principles electronic structure calculations are reported showing that graphdiyne pores permit an almost unimpeded helium transport while it is much more difficult through the 2DPPH openings. Quantum dynamical simulations on reliable new force fields are performed in order to assess the graphdiyne capability for helium chemical and isotopic separation. Exceptionally high He/CH 4 selectivities are found in a wide range of temperatures which largely exceed the performance of the best membranes used to date for helium extraction from natural gas.Moreover, due to slight differences in the tunneling probabilities of 3 He and 4 He, we also find promising results for the separation of the fermionic isotope at low temperature.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphdiyne Pores: “Ad Hoc” Openings for Helium Separation Applications

et al. 2014

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“…3G). These membranes could find applications in regulating the H/N ratio in ammonia synthesis and in hydrogen purification after the water-gas shift reaction (21). We note that the hydrogen permeability of these ultrathin membranes at 250°C, ca.…”

Section: Pti Membranes Using Pbi Chains As Spacersmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…For instance, high-temperature H 2 purification from streams containing CO 2 , N 2 , and CH 4 using high-performance membranes, yielding a high H 2 permeance (transmembrane pressurenormalized flux) and selectivity, is expected to improve the energy efficiency of the industrial processes that generate and consume H 2 . Examples include H 2 /CO 2 and H 2 /N 2 separation from the product of steam reforming of hydrocarbons, purging CH 4 and Ar from the recycle stream in ammonia synthesis and recovery of H 2 from the industrial off-gas (20)(21)(22)(23). The state-of-the-art membranes for hydrogen sieving at high temperature are based on rigid polymers such as polybenzimidazole (PBI) (24,25), zeolites (14,26,27), amorphous silica (28)(29)(30), and dense Pd films (31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples include H 2 /CO 2 and H 2 /N 2 separation from the product of steam reforming of hydrocarbons, purging CH 4 and Ar from the recycle stream in ammonia synthesis and recovery of H 2 from the industrial off-gas (20)(21)(22)(23). The state-of-the-art membranes for hydrogen sieving at high temperature are based on rigid polymers such as polybenzimidazole (PBI) (24,25), zeolites (14,26,27), amorphous silica (28)(29)(30), and dense Pd films (31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large-scale synthesis of crystalline g-C ₃ N ₄ nanosheets and high-temperature H ₂ sieving from assembled films

et al. 2020

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Poly(triazine imide) (PTI), a crystalline g-C3N4, hosting two-dimensional nanoporous structure with an electron density gap of 0.34 nm, is highly promising for high-temperature hydrogen sieving because of its high chemical and thermal robustness. Currently, layered PTI is synthesized in potentially unsafe vacuum ampules in milligram quantities. Here, we demonstrate a scalable and safe ambient pressure synthesis route leading to several grams of layered PTI platelets in a single batch with 70% yield with respect to the precursor. Solvent exfoliation under anhydrous conditions led to single-layer PTI nanosheets evidenced by the observation of triangular g-C3N4 nanopores. Gas permeation studies confirm that PTI nanopores can sieve He and H2 from larger molecules. Last, high-temperature H2 sieving from PTI nanosheet–based membranes, prepared by the scalable filter coating technique, is demonstrated with H2 permeance reaching 1500 gas permeation units, with H2/CO2, H2/N2, and H2/CH4 selectivities reaching 10, 50, and 60, respectively, at 250°C.

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“…In the mid-to late-1970s, DuPont pioneered the first generation of small-diameter hollow fiber membranes (HFM) for GS which was groundbreaking, but the low manufacturing efficiency and gas permeance limited their economic viability for industrial applications [12,13]. The key breakthrough occurred in 1980 when Monsanto first developed and commercialized the asymmetric polysulfone (PSF) HFMs coated by a thin silicone rubber layer that plugged the defects for separating H2 from ammonia plant purge gases [14].…”

Section: Table 1 Kinetic Diameters Of Gas Species Of Interest To Gas Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Membranes for H2 and N2 Separation

Chung

2021

Materials Research Foundations

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H2 and N2 separations are of paramount importance to the global development of clean energy and environment. While the traditional thermal-driven processes are often deemed overly energy-intensive, the polymeric membrane technology presents an energy-efficient and potentially cost-effective alternative that comes with many operational and environmental advantages to offer. However, a variety of key challenges revolving around the membrane performance and stability issues require new material innovations in order to be eventually overcome. This chapter provides the background for polymeric gas separation membranes and also a detailed evaluation on state-of-the-art polymeric membrane materials for H2 and N2 separations. Performance enhancement strategies will also be discussed in the later parts.

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Applications

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Graphdiyne Pores: “Ad Hoc” Openings for Helium Separation Applications

Graphdiyne Pores: “Ad Hoc” Openings for Helium Separation Applications

Large-scale synthesis of crystalline g-C ₃ N ₄ nanosheets and high-temperature H ₂ sieving from assembled films

Polymeric Membranes for H2 and N2 Separation

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Applications

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Graphdiyne Pores: “Ad Hoc” Openings for Helium Separation Applications

Graphdiyne Pores: “Ad Hoc” Openings for Helium Separation Applications

Large-scale synthesis of crystalline g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets and high-temperature H 2 sieving from assembled films

Polymeric Membranes for H2 and N2 Separation

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Large-scale synthesis of crystalline g-C ₃ N ₄ nanosheets and high-temperature H ₂ sieving from assembled films