Application Solid Laser-Sintered or Machined Ti6Al4V Alloy in Manufacturing of Dental Implants and Dental Prosthetic Restorations According to Dentistry 4.0 Concept

Abstract

This paper presents a comparison of the impact of milling technology in the computer numerically controlled (CNC) machining centre and selective laser sintering (SLS) and on the structure and properties of solid Ti6Al4V alloy. It has been shown that even small changes in technological conditions in the SLS manufacturing variant significantly affect changes from two to nearly two and a half times in tensile and bending strengths. Both the tensile and bending strength obtained in the most favourable manufacturing variant by the SLS method is over 25% higher than in the case of cast materials subsequently processed by milling. Plug-and-play SLS conditions provide about 60% of the possibilities. Structural, tribological and electrochemical tests were carried out. In vitro biological tests using osteoblasts confirm the good tendency for the proliferation of live cells on the substrate manufactured under the most favourable SLS conditions. The use of SLS additive technology for the manufacturing of dental implants and abutments made of Ti6Al4V alloy in combination with the digitisation of dental diagnostics and computer-aided design and manufacture of computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) following the idea of Dentistry 4.0 is the best choice of technology for manufacturing of prosthetic and implant devices used in dentistry.

Virtual Approach to the Comparative Analysis of Biomaterials Used in Endodontic Treatment

“…The assumptions of the so-called "digital twins" as an approach characteristic of Industry 4.0 [64,65, and the resulting idea of Dentistry 4.0 [62,63,66] were adopted to achieve the set research goals. The concept of the "digital twin" allows many experiments to be carried out in a virtual space before the analysed product or object is physically created or made available for research, even without its physical existence.…”

“…This paper focused on the methodological aspects of the research, as the detailed results of this research were presented in a series of other publications [286]. The detailed multipoint research methodology included the theoretical analysis carried out here using procedural benchmarking and comparative analysis using contextual matrices, in addition to reviewing the literature and preliminary analyses, the assumptions of the so-called "digital twins" as an approach characteristic of Industry 4.0 [64,65,, and the resulting idea of Dentistry 4.0 [62,63,66]. The concept of the "digital twin" allows many experiments to be carried out in virtual space before the analysed product or object is physically created or made available for research, even without its physical existence.…”

Functional Evaluation of a “Lingual Ring” Oral Device Applied on Patients Affected by Temporo-Mandibular Disorders TMDs: A Comparative Clinical Trial

“…To date, however, it remains unclear how occlusal appliance/splint is able to work on such pain. A limitation to be considered in this study is related to the lack of measurement of the Maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF): MVBF is an important parameter to assess the functional state of the masticatory organ, and it is greatly considered during the planning of implant surgery and prosthetic restorations [39]. Despite the fact that MVBF measurements remain difficult to perform, and depending on many factors, it has been established that in the Western population, the average maximum occlusal force usually occurs between molars and is in the range of 600-750 N.…”

The Concept of Sustainable Development of Modern Dentistry

“…Probably in the majority of these publications, the authors did not pay attention to the appropriate selection of the entire set of technological conditions, which include, among others, laser power, the diameter of the laser spot, the partial overlapping of stitches or not with subsequent laser passes, scanning speed, powder diameter, and its spread, powder layer thickness, etc., which may decide about the porosity variation e.g., from 0.03-10% [329,330], and this, in turn, determines the approx. 2.5-fold differentiation of the mechanical properties.…”

“…Importantly, that factory settings suggested by manufacturers of technological devices for additive manufacturing differ far from those actually necessary for use. The Authors of this paper have this knowledge from their own technological practice [329,330]. It is a very high probability, and practically certainty, that the produced materials for dental application usually achieve about 60% of the properties that could be obtained if the process was performed correctly.…”