Application of XPS to coal characterization

Perry, David; Grint, Alan

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(83)90135-7

Cited by 193 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These studies ... ...-ere conducted on various carbonaceous samples like graphite, carbon black, glassy carbon, coconut char and carbon fibers. Techniques such as gravimetric balances [l-5J, reactor beds [6],pH measurements (7,8), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) [9,10]' infrared absorption (IR) [15-17}, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) [15,16,17]' ultra-violet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) [18], electron spin resonance (ESR) [19], transmission electron microscopy (TE~I) [20], and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] were employed and brought some useful informations about the nature of the graphite surface species. In particular, they showed that oxidation with O 2 led to dissociation of the molecule and formation of strongly bound oxo, or semi-quinone group which decomposes at temperatures above 900 K to yield CO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TPD and XPS studies of O2, CO2, and H2O adsorption on clean polycrystalline graphite

Marchon

Carrazza

Heinemann

et al. 1988

Carbon

280

155

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Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on clean polycrystalline graphite under Ultra High Vacuum conditions are described. The same three strongly bound oxygenated species are formed after O 2 , CO 2 and H 2 0 adsorption. They decompose to give CO at 973, 1093 and 1253 K. Small amounts of CO 2 are also produced after adsorption of these gases, with desorption temperatures at 463, 573, 693, 793 and 793 K. Attempts are made to ascribe these TPD features more precisely. After H 2 0 adsorption, some H2 is evolved at ca. 1300 K. Hydrocarbons (C l -C 6 ) are also produced, but is smaller amounts. A general mechanism is proposed for the gasification reactions of graphite with O 2 , CO 2 and H 2 0. Physical wetting of the clean graphite surface leads to a H 2 0 molecule re\'ersibly bound to the carbon surface. According to XPS data, a hydrate type of bond is proposed. Considerations on the non-catalytic as well as on the catalytic steam gasification of graphite are made. It is suggested that in both cases the reaction is not only controlled by the desorption of the products, i. e. the decomposition of the surface intermediates, but also by the sticking probability of the H 2 0 on the graphite edges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies usmg XPS [15][16][17] and TPD [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] techniques were conducted 2 .. ,J .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TPD and XPS studies of O2, CO2, and H2O adsorption on clean polycrystalline graphite

Marchon

Carrazza

Heinemann

et al. 1988

Carbon

280

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…pH measurements [1], reactor studies [2], chemisorption kinetics [3,4], optical microscopy [5], thermal desorption under atmospheric pressure [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], and more recently new techniques like infrared absorption [14][15], nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [16] and surface science tools like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) [17][18][19], Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) [20][21] and temperature progr~med desorption (TPD) [20][21][22] have brought some useful information an the nature of these surface species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive and kinetic properties of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on a graphite surface

Marchon¹,

Tysoe²,

Carrazza³

et al. 1988

J. Phys. Chem.

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Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) results after chemisorption of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) on polycrystalline graphite are presented. CO adsorbs onto graphite 'with a very low sticking coefficient « 10-12 ).After CO chemisorption, CO (mass 28 amu) desorbs in two temperature regions, between 400 and 700 K, and between 1000 and 1300 K, and CO 2 (mass 44 amu) des orbs below 950 K. The intensity of the CO 2 signal is less than one order of magnitude lower than the CO intensity. After CO 2 adsorption the major desorption product is CO at high temperatures (lOOO

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“…[1] However, due to the complexity and heterogeneity of coal it is rather difficult. Several approaches could be applied for a better knowledge of coal/char surface structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of S/N surface functional group of zhungeer lignite/char during rapid combustion

Zhang

et al. 2009

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Surface characteristics of Chinese lignite were studied under the combustion conditions at temperatures ranging from 1037 to 1337 K. The characteristics of major pollution elements (nitrogen and sulfur) and their related functional groups on the surface of zhungeer (ZG) raw coal and chars were determined using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and element analysis. The research results showed that particle surface contained similar component of pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen and had six kinds of sulfur functionalities. Moreover, functional groups of major pollution elements on particle surface presented different evolution trends during combustion. 

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Application of XPS to coal characterization

Cited by 193 publications

References 11 publications

TPD and XPS studies of O2, CO2, and H2O adsorption on clean polycrystalline graphite

TPD and XPS studies of O2, CO2, and H2O adsorption on clean polycrystalline graphite

Reactive and kinetic properties of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on a graphite surface

Evolution of S/N surface functional group of zhungeer lignite/char during rapid combustion

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