Application of WQI for assessment of water quality of high altitude lake Dodi Tal, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Kumar, Rahul; Singh, Shikha; Sharma, Ramesh C.

doi:10.1007/s40899-018-0281-1

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The comparison of the relative ionic proportion of selected freshwater bodies with the present study revealed that the parameter, such as Na +, was the most dominant cations in the study area. The dominance of Na + in water bodies might be due to the silicate weathering from surrounding rocks and the ion exchange process in water bodies (Kumar et al, 2019;Mallick, 2017). Therefore, this warrants further study in this direction.…”

Section: Major Ionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

First results on physico-chemical status and bathymetry of lakes in Ramaroshan Wetland, Far-West Nepal

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigates the bathymetry of three major lakes and the water quality of nine lakes at Ramaroshan Lake Complex Area (RLCA), Far-Western Nepal. Lakes were surveyed based on line transects using Echosounder (depth measuring gauge) and GPS to collect the data for bathymetry. Water samples were collected from 43 sites of nine lakes, considering the land use patterns, anthropogenic activities, inlets, and outlets. Twenty physico-chemical parameters were analyzed to know the water characteristics and pollution level. The bathymetry map showed that Jingale is the deepest lake (44 m), followed by Batula (15 m) and Mathillo Dhaune (9.5 m). There was no significant spatial variability in the concentration of physicochemical parameters among the sampling sites. The mean concentrations of cations and anions were in the order of Ca2+> Mg2+> Na+> K+, and HCO3-> Cl-> SO42-> PO42-> NO3-, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) techniques were applied to assess the influence of pollution levels and their controlling mechanism. PCA showed 79.89 % of the cumulative variance with > 1.26 Eigenvalue. Similarly, CA showed that Jingale Lake (in cluster 2) sites were less polluted than other sampling sites. Piper diagram concluded that there was a dominance of mixed water type belonging to Ca-Mg-Cl compared to Ca-HCO3. Furthermore, the Water Quality Index (WQI) value of the lakes in the study area was 27 indicating good water quality (slightly polluted).

show abstract

Section: Major Ionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

First results on physico-chemical status and bathymetry of lakes in Ramaroshan Wetland, Far-West Nepal

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the formulation of WQI, the 'standards' (permissible values of various parameters) for the drinking water used in this study were those recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2004). The calculation and formulation of the WQI involved the following steps (Prati et al, 1971;Sharma & Kumar, 2017;Kumar et al, 2018):…”

Section: Water Quality Index (Wqi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First step: Each of the 15 parameters has been assigned a weight (AWi) ranging from 1 to 4 depending on the collective expert opinions taken from different previous studies (Prati et al, 1971;Ramakrishnaiah et al, 2009;Alobaidy et al, 2010;Sharma & Kumar, 2017;Kumar et al, 2018). The mean values for the weights of each parameter have been shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Water Quality Index (Wqi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though, few works have been done on different aspects of glacial lakes. These include the works of Ageta et al (2000) on glacier lakes of Bhutan; Raj et al (2013) on glacial lakes of Sikkim; Ghimire et al (2013) on Gokyo and Imja Lakes; Pu et al (2013) on glacial Lake Ximencuo; Che et al (2014) on glacial lakes of Tibbet; Bhambri et al (2015) on inventory of glacier lakes of Uttarakhand; Sharma and Kumar (2017) on glacier-fed Lake Satopanth; Wu et al (2017) on water quality assessment Poyang Lake; Chaudhary et al (2018) on water quality of Deoria Tal; Rana et al (2018) on Himalayan lake Beni Tal; and Kumar et al (2018) on high altitude lake Dodi Tal. However, no work has been done so far on the water quality of the glacier-fed lake, Neel Tal of Garhwal Himalaya.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of the water quality of Glacier-fed lake Neel Tal of Garhwal Himalaya, India

Kumar

Sharma

2019

Water Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neel Tal is a glacier-fed lake, located at an altitude of 4,382 m above m.s.l. in the Garhwal Himalaya, India. This lake is located at 30 Km from Gangotri, the world famous shrine of Hindus and 13 Km from the snout of Gangotri glacier known as "Gaumukh", that has been considered as the origin place of Holy River 'Ganga'. Assessment of surface water quality of a high altitude lake is important for providing drinking water to the trekkers, sages, and consumption by wildlife along with its conservation and management. Water Quality Index (WQI) method was applied to assess the water quality of Neel Tal, using 18 water quality parameters. The data for all the physical, chemical and biological parameters were collected in the months of June and August for a period of two years during 2014 and 2015 due to the accessibility of the lake as it remains under freezed condition for most of the time. The value of WQI was estimated to be 17.85 based on all the water quality parameters, which categorized the quality of water as 'excellent' during the study period. The coliform test also supported the findings of water quality of Neel Tal by WQI method.

show abstract

“…Any alteration in the land cover of the watershed is considered as explanatory parameter behind the alterations of the hydrological unit, which ultimately changes runoff and water (Huang et al, 2013). The concentration of nutrients in the lake ecosystems are attributed to natural processes like heavy rainfall, soil erosion, and the runoff from the catchment areas which is laden with the fecal matter livestock (Kumar et al, 2019;Gurung et al, 2020). Same observations were recorded in the Sheshnag, a HAL in Kashmir Himalaya (Zutshi, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limnochemistry and Plankton Diversity in Some High Altitude Lakes of Kashmir Himalaya

Islam

Dar

Sofi

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High altitude lakes (HALs) of Kashmir Himalaya are the important ecosystems in the mountain ecology of the broader Hindukush Himalayan region. This article provides a comprehensive information about the plankton (phytoplankton and periphyton) assemblages, water quality (WQ), bathymetry, morphometry, and land use land cover (LULC) of some select high altitude mountain lakes of Kashmir Himalaya. LULC analysis revealed that the catchment of the lakes spread over an area of about 16179 ha, is covered by different land cover types dominated by pastures (50.8%), followed by barren rocky (32.6%), snow and glaciers (11.9%), lakes (2.5%), forest (2%), and streams (0.2%). Bathymetric and morphometric analysis revealed that the Gangbal Lake is the deepest (84 m) and largest (162.4 ha) among the investigated lakes. The water quality index revealed that all the HALs have the excellent water quality category. Statistical analysis (Wilk’s λ) depicted that nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2−-N), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP), and magnesium hardness (Mg-H) are responsible for major variability between all HALs sites. The cations followed the order of Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ while as anions followed the order as HCO3− > Cl− > SO42−. Algal composition (phytoplankton and periphyton) assessment revealed the presence of 61 taxa belonging to Bacillariophyceae (45), Chlorophyceae (14), Cyanophyceae (1), and Xanthophyceae (1). The higher dominance of Bacillariophyceae indicates oligotrophic nature of the lakes. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) highlighted the role of various water quality parameters like pH, EC, and TDS on the composition of phytoplankton and periphyton species among the lakes. The present study therefore generated a baseline database for some of the HALs of Kashmir Himalaya that can act as a precursor for more research on future changes in the lake ecosystems of the region.

show abstract

Application of WQI for assessment of water quality of high altitude lake Dodi Tal, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

First results on physico-chemical status and bathymetry of lakes in Ramaroshan Wetland, Far-West Nepal

First results on physico-chemical status and bathymetry of lakes in Ramaroshan Wetland, Far-West Nepal

Assessment of the water quality of Glacier-fed lake Neel Tal of Garhwal Himalaya, India

Limnochemistry and Plankton Diversity in Some High Altitude Lakes of Kashmir Himalaya

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About