Application of Wind Fetch and Wave Models for Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Projects

Rohweder, Jason J.; Rogala, James T.; Johnson, Barry L.; Anderson, David H.; Clark, Steve; Chamberlin, Ferris; Runyon, K. D.

doi:10.3133/ofr20081200

Cited by 58 publications

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“…The physical model of Rohweder et al . () was used which, on the basis of the configuration of the coastline, bathymetry and regional meteorological conditions, delivers a spatially explicit (pixel‐based) estimate of wave exposure. Wave height refers to the vertical distance between the highest and the lowest surface elevation in a wave.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the influence of water depth and wave energy on the facies diversity of shelf carbonates

2014

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Carbonate sequence stratigraphy is founded on the principle that changes in relative sea-level are recorded in the rock record by the accumulation of sediment with relative water depth-dependent attributes. While at the scale of a shelf to basin transect, facies clearly arrange by water depth, the relation blurs for depths <40 m, the most vigorous zone of carbonate production. The reason for this change in behaviour is two-fold. Firstly, in shallow water, the intrinsic processes of storm and wave reworking influence the seabed through submarine erosion and sediment redistribution. Secondly, facies diversity tends to be greater in shallow water than deep water because of a greater diversity in grain producers. Remote sensing imagery, field observations and hydrodynamic models for two reef-rimmed shore-attached carbonate platforms in the Red Sea show neither water depth nor energy regime to be reliable indicators of facies type when considered in isolation. Considered together, however, the predictive power of the two variables rises significantly. The results demonstrate it to be an oversimplification to assume a direct link between palaeo-water depth and depositional diversity of subtidal lithofacies, while highlighting the importance of hydrodynamics in directing the accumulation of carbonate sediments in the shallow photic zone. While the size distributions of facies extents in the two focus areas follow power laws, no direct relation between the lateral continuity of the facies belts and water depth or wave height is reported. The work is relevant for the interpretation of metre-scale subtidal carbonate cycles throughout the geological record by demonstrating how caution must be applied when inferring palaeowater depths from depositional facies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the influence of water depth and wave energy on the facies diversity of shelf carbonates

2014

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“…The wind‐fetch model does not consider several near‐shore processes due to wave–wave and wave–current interactions and barriers, creating refraction, diffraction and reflection. However, this model provides an accurate approximation of wave action on sediment re‐suspension in 100‐m long sectors, each including tens of grid cells; nevertheless, it should not be used at a cell‐by‐cell scale (Rohweder et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measures of exposure used a fetch matrix (i.e., the distance over which waves can build up) and a wind data matrix (percentage frequency and mean velocity). We calculated the fetch on the grid cells for each wind compass direction (10–360°, in 10° increments), as described in the Wind Fetch Model (Rohweder et al., ), by means of ArcGIS. One measure of exposure was calculated for each grid cell over 36 compass wind directions according to a fetch matrix.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wave‐induced sediment re‐suspension was calculated as described in Bertrin et al. () via the Wave Model (Rohweder et al., ). This model used the same fetch and wind data matrices as wave exposure measures, but it also included water depth in order to estimate the maximum orbital wave velocity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the maximum daily values provided by the French climate norms (Météo France) on data obtained during the 5‐year period (2006–2011) preceding the survey, as suggested by Rohweder et al. (), for a total of 1,740 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of macrophyte distribution: The role of natural versus anthropogenic physical disturbances

Bertrin

Boutry

Alard

et al. 2018

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions: Do natural and anthropogenic physical disturbances equally affect the distribution of aquatic plant communities? Can hydrodynamic and geomorphological features be used to predict the establishment of macrophyte communities at the shoreline scale? Locations: Two large, shallow lakes, southwest France.Methods: Based on field observations (vegetation occurrence and anthropogenic modifications of the shore) and data generated by a geographic information system (wave exposure, wave-induced sediment re-suspension, slope and land cover), we defined sites and community groups using cluster and indicator species analyses. The groups were then analysed by means of a statistical classifier (Random Forest). These different steps in data treatment enabled us to characterize the importance of each physical factor in determining macrophyte occurrence and distribution. As a result, a predictive map to forecast aquatic plant distribution at the shoreline scale was obtained.Results: Anthropogenic disturbances were less important parameters than natural physical variables in structuring the distribution of lakeshore macrophytes. Within natural factors, wave-induced sediment re-suspension and slope had the most impact; nevertheless, the presence of swimming areas seemed to have a strong impact on aquatic habitats, being correlated with the total absence of aquatic vegetation.The predictive map obtained through the model spatially defined the position and occurrence of suitable sites for the settlement of both invasive and rare and endangered species. Conclusions: In this study, natural disturbances play a major role in structuring aquatic plant distribution over physical anthropogenic factors. The model contributes to improving knowledge on plant communities with respect to local hydrodynamic and morphological features of lakeshores. Furthermore, the model provides a predictive map as a useful tool for the management of aquatic vegetation in temperate shallow lakes. K E Y W O R D S aquatic weeds, distribution model, hydromorphological alteration, isoetids, lakeshore zone, softwater lakes, variable importance, vegetation management, wave action 396 | Applied Vegetation Science BERTRIN ET al.

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Land loss by pond expansion on the Mississippi River Delta Plain

Ortiz

Roy

Edmonds

2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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The world's river deltas may collapse under the combined effects of rising sea levels, subsidence, and reduced sediment supply. Saving these deltaic environments requires quantifying processes driving collapse. In the Mississippi River Delta, rapid land loss offers an important opportunity to test existing theories for marsh collapse. We use Landsat images to examine how pond expansion by edge retreat contributes to land loss over 34 years in the Atchafalaya‐Vermillion, Terrebonne, and Barataria basins of the Mississippi Delta. Tracking the area changes in ponds on the marsh surface, we find a striking consistency between pond expansion direction and the dominant wind direction and show that wind‐generated waves are capable of causing edge erosion. Expansion rate increases rapidly for ponds wider than 300 m in Terrebonne and Barataria basins. From this, we suggest that ponds in Atchafalaya‐Vermillion basin are stable, whereas ponds in Terrebonne and Barataria are unstable.

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Application of Wind Fetch and Wave Models for Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Projects

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Unravelling the influence of water depth and wave energy on the facies diversity of shelf carbonates

Unravelling the influence of water depth and wave energy on the facies diversity of shelf carbonates

Prediction of macrophyte distribution: The role of natural versus anthropogenic physical disturbances

Land loss by pond expansion on the Mississippi River Delta Plain

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