Application of Water Hyacinth Biomass (Eichhornia crassipes) as an Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Medium: Kinetic and Isothermal Study

Abstract

Water pollution has generated the need to develop technologies to remove industrial pollutants. Adsorption has been recognized as one of the most effective techniques for effluent remediation. In this study, parts (stem and leaves) of a problematic aquatic weed, the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), were separated to produce a bioadsorbent. The objective was to evaluate the adsorption of a cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), in an aqueous solution of the biomass from different parts of the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) plants. The materials were characterized through techniques of infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and thermogravimetric analysis, before and after the material adsorption. Water hyacinth biomasses presented adsorption capacity above 89%, and the kinetics was faster for stem biomass. The kinetic study found that the adsorption process is better described by the pseudo-second-order model, and the adjustments of the isotherm experimental data indicated that both materials are favorable for adsorption. Therefore, water hyacinth bioadsorbent represents a renewable resource with potential for effluent treatment.

Innovative Polymer Microspheres with Chloride Groups Synthesis, Characterization and Application for Dye Removal

“…There are currently more than 100,000 known types of dye available commercially [1]. Their annual production is estimated at more than 7 × 10 5 tons [1][2][3][4][5]. Approximately 10-15% of the quantity of dyes used in the dyeing process is not bound by the fibers of the dyed materials and may enter the aquatic environment with the wastewater [2][3][4].…”

“…Their annual production is estimated at more than 7 × 10 5 tons [1][2][3][4][5]. Approximately 10-15% of the quantity of dyes used in the dyeing process is not bound by the fibers of the dyed materials and may enter the aquatic environment with the wastewater [2][3][4]. The widespread use of dyes is linked to the problem of their contamination of surface water in industrialized areas.…”

“…The widespread use of dyes is linked to the problem of their contamination of surface water in industrialized areas. In reservoirs and watercourses, they alter colour, reduce primary production, cause oxygen deficits and deteriorate living conditions [2,3]. Most dyes are characterized by high toxicity, mutagenicity and low biodegradability [4][5][6].…”

Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes Present in Solution Using Biomass of Eichhornia crassipes as Bioadsorbent

“…Waste from the textile, leather, plastic, printing, and food industries, among others, severely affects the world’s water resources, since huge amounts of water are consumed producing large volumes of liquid waste considered highly toxic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Because they contain dyes for the aquatic world, due to their dark color they block sunlight, which causes the photosynthesis process that is essential for aquatic life, and their presence in aquifers can induce dyes to enter the chain food [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. For these adverse effects on public health, causing mutation-related, teratogenic, and carcinogenic diseases, dye removal has attracted great attention [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

“…Because they contain dyes for the aquatic world, due to their dark color they block sunlight, which causes the photosynthesis process that is essential for aquatic life, and their presence in aquifers can induce dyes to enter the chain food [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. For these adverse effects on public health, causing mutation-related, teratogenic, and carcinogenic diseases, dye removal has attracted great attention [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Among these dyes are gentian violet (GV) a synthetic cationic dye also known as gentian violet ( Figure 1 a) [ 8 ].…”