Application of wall functions to generalized nonorthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems

Numerical simulation of turbulent free surface flow with two‐equation k–ε eddy‐viscosity models

“…In this case, the fundamental equation for determining the ÿctitious velocities and turbulent variables near a rigid wall is the total wall shear stress (or momentum ux) w given by [23] Re −1 (1 + t ) @û @n wall ≈ u 2 = w (20) whereû represents the mean velocity component tangential to the rigid-wall, and u is the friction velocity. The values of the k and in the inertial sublayer are, respectively, prescribed by the well known relations [23,27] …”

“…With the eddy viscosity t known at t = t 0 , compute an approximate velocity ÿeld u(r; z; t) = [ũ(r; z; t);ṽ(r; z; t)] from an explicit ÿnite di erence discretization of (27) withũ(r; z; t 0 ) = u(r; z; t 0 ) using the correct boundary conditions for u(r; z; t 0 ). It can be shown (see, for example, Reference [21]) thatũ(r; z; t) possesses the correct vorticity at time t but does not satisfy (3), in general.…”

“…In the viscous region close to the wall (viscous sublayer), we use the strategy of Sondak and Pletecher [27]; that is,…”

Adjoint wall functions: A new concept for use in aerodynamic shape optimization

“…The present paper proposes a new continuous adjoint formulation for steady flow problems in which the state equations include a high Reynolds number turbulence model based on the wall function technique, [23][24][25][26]. With the latter, the entire turbulent boundary layer does not need to be solved and the law of the wall bridges the gap between the solid walls on which the boundary layer is developed and the adjacent grid nodes generated with a large grid spacing.…”

Análise do escoamento do ar em uma sala cirúrgica via simulação em CFD.

“…e) Próximo às paredes, para as variáveis κ e ε, foi aplicada a função de parede "wallfunction" (SONDAK; PLETCHER, 1995;DURBIN, 1996). A distância da parede das células adjacentes à parede deve ser determinada considerando-se a taxa sobre o qual a lei logarítmica é válida.…”