Application of ultrasonic tomography to monitoring gas/liquid flow

Xu, Lijun; Han, Yongtao; Xu, Ling-An; Jiang, Yang

doi:10.1016/s0009-2509(97)00043-2

Cited by 80 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Brown and Reilly (1996) also used repositionable transducers, but in a transmission system, and they were capable of imaging solid objects in air. Xu and co-workers (Xu, Han, Xu, & Yang, 1997) used a transmission system to detect bubbles in a liquid flow and were able to use their ultrasound tomography system to classify different types of two-phase flows such as bubble, slug, annular and stratified flow. Yang et al (1999) used a reflection-based ultrasound tomography system to image bubbles and solid objects in a liquid flow.…”

Section: Characterisation Of Multiphase Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound tomography

Watson

2015

Industrial Tomography

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Section: Characterisation Of Multiphase Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound tomography

Watson

2015

Industrial Tomography

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“…Based on the fact that ultrasonic echo signals contain abundant flow structure information in twophase fl ow, Wada et al (2006) measured the delay time and energy intensity of ultrasonic echoes to monitor the fl ow pattern evolution of gas-liquid two-phase fl ow. In addition, further progress has been made using the ultrasonic scattering effect (Murai et al, 2010), acoustic resonance spectroscopy (Cong et al, 2008), ultrasonic Doppler technology (Morriss and Hill, 1993;Dong et al, 2015), and the ultrasonic tomography technique (Xu et al, 1997;Supardan et al, 2007) in measuring phase volume fraction and phase velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic method for measuring water holdup of low velocity and high-water-cut oil-water two-phase flow

et al. 2016

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Oil reservoirs with low permeability and porosity that are in the middle and late exploitation periods in China's onshore oil fi elds are mostly in the high-water-cut production stage. This stage is associated with severely non-uniform local-velocity flow profiles and dispersed-phase concentration (of oil droplets) in oil-water two-phase flow, which makes it diffi cult to measure water holdup in oil wells. In this study, we use an ultrasonic method based on a transmission-type sensor in oil-water two-phase flow to measure water holdup in lowvelocity and high water-cut conditions. First, we optimize the excitation frequency of the ultrasonic sensor by calculating the sensitivity of the ultrasonic fi eld using the fi nite element method for multiphysics coupling. Then we calculate the change trend of sound pressure level attenuation ratio with the increase in oil holdup to verify the feasibility of the employed diameter for the ultrasonic sensor. Based on the results, we then investigate the effects of oildroplet diameter and distribution on the ultrasonic fi eld. To further understand the measurement characteristics of the ultrasonic sensor, we perform a flow loop test on vertical upward oilwater two-phase fl ow and measure the responses of the optimized ultrasonic sensor. The results show that the ultrasonic sensor yields poor resolution for a dispersed oil slug in water fl ow (D OS/W fl ow), but the resolution is favorable for dispersed oil in water fl ow (D O/W fl ow) and very fi ne dispersed oil in water fl ow (VFD O/W fl ow). This research demonstrates the potential application of a pulsed-transmission ultrasonic method for measuring the fraction of individual components in oil-water two-phase fl ow with a low mixture velocity and high water cut.

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“…Ultrasound tomography is a means of reconstructing flow images from line-averaged velocity distribution by inverse Radon transform [2][3][4][5][6][7]. In the literature, ultrasound tomography has been implemented by using 16 ultrasonic transducers for flow image reconstruction purposes [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic flow metering using ultrasound tomography

Chun

Yoon

Lee³

2011

J Mech Sci Technol

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For an accurate flow metering without considering the influences of flow control devices such as valves and elbows in closed conduits, velocity distribution in the cross-sectional area must be integrated. However, most flow meters, including multi-path ultrasonic, electromagnetic or Coriolis mass flow meters, require assumptions on the fully-developed turbulent flows to calculate flow rates from physical quantities of their own concern. Therefore, a long straight pipe has been a necessary element for accurate flow metering because the straight pipe can reduce flow disturbances caused by flow control devices. To reduce costs due to the installation of long straight pipes, another flow metering technique is required. For example, flow rates can be estimated by integrating velocity distributions in the crosssection of conduits. In the present study, ultrasound tomography was used to find the velocity distribution in the cross-section of a closed conduit where flow was disturbed by a Coriolis mass flow meter or a butterfly valve. A commercial multi-path ultrasonic flow meter was installed in the pipeline to measure the line-averaged velocity distribution in the pipe flow. The ultrasonic flow meter was rotated 180° at intervals of 10° to construct line-averaged velocity distributions in Radon space. Flow images were reconstructed by using a backprojection algorithm (inverse Radon transform). Flow diagnostic parameters were defined by calculating statistical moments, i.e., average, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis, based on the normalized velocity distribution. The flow diagnostic parameters were applied to flow images to find whether the parameters could discern flow disturbances in the reconstructed velocity distribution.

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Application of ultrasonic tomography to monitoring gas/liquid flow

Cited by 80 publications

References 5 publications

Ultrasound tomography

Ultrasound tomography

Ultrasonic method for measuring water holdup of low velocity and high-water-cut oil-water two-phase flow

Diagnostic flow metering using ultrasound tomography

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