Application of topical lomefloxacin against experimental Pseudomonas endophthalmitis in rabbits

Hatano, Hiroshi; Inoue, K; Shiao, Shia; Wang, Liping

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1993.tb04658.x

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…While not all contamination introduced into the eye is bacterial, previous studies have shown endophthalmitis can develop from just a few bacteria in the vitreous body [8]. Thus, the risk of postoperative endophthalmitis might be increased with MIVS as it inserts a trocar through the conjunctiva.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microincision Vitrectomy Surgery: Experimental Visualization and Quantification of Vitreous Contamination

Machida

Nakashizuka

Shoji

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Purpose: To visualize and quantify vitreous contamination following microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) using an experimental vitreous contamination model (EVCM). Methods: Enucleated porcine eyes with fluoresbrite carboxylate microspheres applied to the conjunctival surface were used as a type 1 EVCM. Twenty-five- or 27-gauge (G) trocar cannulas were inserted through the conjunctiva and sclera, followed by the placing and opening of an infusion cannula. These procedures were monitored by an intraocular fiber catheter. Secondly, condensed microspheres were applied to an excised sheet of porcine sclera to serve as type 2 EVCM. Twenty-five- or 27-G trocar cannulas were inserted perpendicularly through the top of the sclera where the condensed microspheres were applied, an infusion cannula was inserted, 0.1 mL of saline solution injected through the infusion cannula, and samples collected. The fluorescence strength of samples was then measured using fluorophotometry. Results: We visually detected fluorescent microspheres in 10/10 eyes with 25-G and 10/10 with 27-G MIVS. In the experimental quantification study, each MIVS gauge value was significantly higher than the control (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference between 25-G and 27-G MIVS. Conclusions: MIVS carries the risk of introducing contamination directly into the eyes when the trocar cannula is inserted and infusion cannula is opened, even when a 27-G MIVS is used. Our study has shown it is essential that the surgeon be aware of the possibility of introducing contamination from the conjunctiva at all times during MIVS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microincision Vitrectomy Surgery: Experimental Visualization and Quantification of Vitreous Contamination

Machida

Nakashizuka

Shoji

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Meta-analysis of six clinical phase III studies comparing lomefloxacin 0.3% eye drops twice daily to five standard antibiotics in patients with acute bacterial conjunctivitis

Jauch¹,

Fsadni²,

Gamba

1999

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

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Ocular Distribution of Lomefloxacin 0.3% After a Single Instillation in the Infected Eye of Pigmented Rabbits

Elena¹,

Jauch²

1997

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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We investigated the distribution of lomefloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, in the infected eye of pigmented rabbits after one instillation of 50 microliters lomefloxacin 0.3% eye drop, and compared tissue concentrations with therapeutic levels. Infection was induced by 6 instillations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa inoculum 6 x 10(5) bacteria) on centrally scratched cornea of 32 pigmented rabbits. Fifty microliters of 14[C] lomefloxacin 0.3% were instilled 24 hours after infection and animals were sacrificed 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 hours later. Ocular structures, tear fluid, whole blood and plasma were then sampled, and tissue levels over time, Tmax, Cmax and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Lomefloxacin rapidly penetrated into the ocular structures: tear (Tmax 0.25 hours, Cmax 366 micrograms/ml, AUC 360 micrograms/ml x hour), corresponding value were for: eye lids (0.25, 7, 33), conjunctiva (0.25, 11, 7), cornea (0.25, 56, 70), aqueous humor (1, 8, 14), iris ciliary-body (4, 34, 252), lens (1, 0.2, 0.6). Tear levels remained high for many hours and were 34, 48, 1 and 27 micrograms/ml at 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours following a single instillation. Elimination from ocular structures was rapid. Therapeutic levels were achieved after a single instillation (mainly in the external ocular structures) when compared with MIC 90% values (1-10 micrograms/ml).

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Application of topical lomefloxacin against experimental Pseudomonas endophthalmitis in rabbits

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Microincision Vitrectomy Surgery: Experimental Visualization and Quantification of Vitreous Contamination

Microincision Vitrectomy Surgery: Experimental Visualization and Quantification of Vitreous Contamination

Meta-analysis of six clinical phase III studies comparing lomefloxacin 0.3% eye drops twice daily to five standard antibiotics in patients with acute bacterial conjunctivitis

Ocular Distribution of Lomefloxacin 0.3% After a Single Instillation in the Infected Eye of Pigmented Rabbits

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