Application of the Taguchi approach to optimize ZnO synthesis via hydrothermally assisted sol-gel method

Khaghanpour, Zahra; Naghibi, Sanaz

doi:10.3906/kim-1707-69

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, these investigations have primarily utilized direct methods, limiting the evaluation of a wide range of parameters. In contrast, statistical methods offer the advantage of optimizing procedures without the need for exhaustive exploration of numerous parameters [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of ZnO Nanoparticles’ Synthesis via Precipitation Method Applying Taguchi Robust Design

Gatou,

Kontoliou,

Volla

et al. 2023

Catalysts

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) possesses exceptional potential to be utilized in water and wastewater treatment applications, either as a photocatalyst or in membrane incorporation. In the present study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the precipitation method. The Taguchi approach with the L32b orthogonal array was utilized in order to optimize the experimental conditions for the synthesis of the nanoparticles and to ensure that relatively smaller-sized particles were obtained. The design was characterized by ten factors, where nine of them possessed four levels, while one had two levels. This study’s design factors were the type of Zn precursor, the concentration of the Zn precursor, the type of precipitating agent, the precipitation agent’s concentration, the type of utilized solvent, the pH value of the solvent, the temperature used during the synthetic procedure, the calcination temperature, the time of stirring during synthesis, as well as the stirring speed. The influences of those factors on the selected response parameters (the average crystallite size, degree of crystallinity, energy band gap (Eg), and photodegradation constant (k)) were then evaluated. XRD analysis and the calculated Eg values indicated that the hexagonal wurtzite structure was the only crystalline phase present in the produced samples. The photocatalytic efficiency of all ZnO nanoparticles was examined in the degradation of rhodamine B under UV light irradiation. The optimal conditions were achieved using zinc acetate dihydrate as the Zn precursor at a concentration equal to 0.3 M, sodium hydroxide as the precipitating agent (1.5 M), methanol as the solvent (the pH value of the solvent was equal to 13), a temperature during the synthetic procedure of 70 °C, 600 °C as calcination temperature, a 90 min stirring time, and 700 rpm as the stirring speed. The optimized ZnO sample was synthesized based on the aforementioned conditions and thoroughly characterized. The acquired results confirmed the prediction of the Taguchi approach, and the most enhanced k-value was observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of ZnO Nanoparticles’ Synthesis via Precipitation Method Applying Taguchi Robust Design

Gatou,

Kontoliou,

Volla

et al. 2023

Catalysts

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“…It can identify and organize system interactions within experimental data for the analysis leading to an optimal design [21,22]. Moreover, it is proven that this method can be applied to solve a variety of problems including continuous, discrete and qualitative design variables [23,24] Taguchi method classifies the analyzed factors as controllable and noise factors. Noise factors are variables that influence response of the process but cannot be controlled economically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of insensitive composites based on penta erythritol tetra nitrate particles coated with carbon black- Triton X114 by a solvent/non-solvent process via Taguchi design optimization

Babaee

Pourmortazavi

Lemraski

2019

Hem Ind

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One way to reduce sensitivity and also to add special properties to explosives is to perform coating that depends on either the coating agent type or the usage process. In this work, the insensitive composite of penta erythritol tetra nitrate (PETN) was prepared with carbon black (CB) and Triton X-114 (TX114) by a solvent/non-solvent method. Taguchi experimental design (orthogonal array, L9) with using the impact sensitivity (H50) as a response was applied for the process optimization. Effects of the CB mass fraction, solvent flowrate, surfactant type and surfactant concentration were evaluated and the results were quantified by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA analysis predicted that the best H50 was 67.4 ± 1.5 cm for the optimum synthesis conditions of 5.0 wt% CB, 1 mL min-1 flowrate, and TX114 as a surfactant at a concentration of 2.010-3 mol L-1. The experimentally determined value of H50 was 68.0 ± 0.5 cm, which is in good agreement with the predicted value. Finally, thermal analysis and vacuum stability test were applied to the synthesized composite indicating that CB and TX114 are thermally adaptable and chemically compatible with PETN.

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“…Moreover, it is proven that this method can be capable to solve a variety of problems including continuous, discrete and qualitative design variables [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Taguchi Optimization for Preparation and Adhesion Evaluation of Epoxy Insulator to the Surface of Double Base Propellant Grain

Babaee

Monjezi

Tagharoodi³

2018

JNDC

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In this work, Taguchi design (orthogonal array, OA9) was used for the adhesion investigation of an epoxy insulator to a double base (DB) propellant grain. In this manner three epoxy resins based on diglycidylether bisphenol A (DGEBA) and three polyamine curing agents with an active diluent based on DGEBA were used. Therefore, the effects of resin type, curing agent type with its amount and diluent quantity as main factors were investigated on the single lap shear strength (adhesion strength) and then the results were quantitatively evaluated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The data given of ANOVA predicted that the best adhesion strength of 15.584 ± 1.606 MPa was obtained for the optimum conditions of MANA POX-102 as epoxy resin, H-37 as curing agent with 57 phr, ERYSYS GE-30 as diluent with 5 phr. In comparison, practical result of adhesion strength obtained for the optimum conditions was 15.4 ± 0.2 MPa. Also the Pull-off test results on the surface of the DB propellant showed that the maximum adhesion strength (related to the optimal conditions) is 2.64 ± 0.2 MPa.

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Application of the Taguchi approach to optimize ZnO synthesis via hydrothermally assisted sol-gel method

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Optimization of ZnO Nanoparticles’ Synthesis via Precipitation Method Applying Taguchi Robust Design

Optimization of ZnO Nanoparticles’ Synthesis via Precipitation Method Applying Taguchi Robust Design

Preparation of insensitive composites based on penta erythritol tetra nitrate particles coated with carbon black- Triton X114 by a solvent/non-solvent process via Taguchi design optimization

Statistical Taguchi Optimization for Preparation and Adhesion Evaluation of Epoxy Insulator to the Surface of Double Base Propellant Grain

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