Application of the margin-of-exposure (MoE) approach to substances in food that are genotoxic and carcinogenic e.g.: Benzo[a]pyrene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Benford, Diane; Dinovi, Michael; Setzer, R. Woodrow

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2009.09.039

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The ∑PAH 16 concentrations in this study were higher than those of Shanghai (3,180-17,090 ng g −1 ; mean, 8,480 ng g −1 ; Ren et al 2006), (2,400-21,000 ng g −1 ; mean, 6,400 ng g −1 ; Fromme et al 2004), and USA (mean, 4,520 ng g −1 ; max, 15,200 ng g −1 ; Chuang et al 1991). However, they were lower than those of indoor dust of Macao (2,720-24,830 ng g −1 ; mean, 10,660 ng g −1 ; Qi et al 2001 pyrene, which is considered to be the most hazardous of all PAHs (Černá et al 2000;Benford et al 2010;Wang et al 2010), was detected in all samples analyzed (ranging from 129 to 1,827 ng g −1 , with a mean of 547 ng g −1 ) and was more than two times higher in Xiangtan (971 ng g −1 ) than those in Changsha (309 ng g −1 ) and Zhuzhou (441 ng g −1 ). Compared with the results in street from other locations reported in the literature (Table 3), the average concentration of benzo [a]pyrene in this region (547 ng g −1 ) was higher than those in the USA (260 ng g −1 ; Chuang et al 1991) and Macao (300 ng g −1 ; Qi et al 2001); however, it was lower than the concentration in Shanghai (1,280 ng g −1 ; Ren et al 2006).…”

Section: Pah Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Sources and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in street dust from the Chang-Zhu-Tan Region, Hunan, China

Long

Dai

2012

Environ Monit Assess

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Street dusts collected from 20 locations in the Chang-Zhu-Tan (Changsha, Zhuzhou, and Xiangtan) region, Hunan, China, in May to July 2006, were investigated for sources of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The individual PAH concentrations were in the range of 10-4316 ng g(-1), and ∑PAHs(16) levels were in the range of 3,515-24,488 ng g(-1), with a mean of 8,760 ng g(-1). The high-molecular-weight PAHs (four to six rings), ranging from 47.51 to 82.11 %, with a mean of 74.79 %, were the dominant PAH compounds in almost all of the dusts. The isomer ratios suggested a rather uniform mixture of coal combustion and petroleum PAH sources. Factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis indicate that the main sources of the 16 PAHs were coal combustion/vehicle exhaust, coking/petroleum, and plant combustion, with contribution rates of 50.9, 35.01, and 14.08, respectively. The spatial distributions of PAH concentrations were significantly related to the distribution of industries, traffic circulation, and farmland in this region.

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Section: Pah Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Sources and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in street dust from the Chang-Zhu-Tan Region, Hunan, China

Long

Dai

2012

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The PODs, employed to quantify an increased cancer risk, were summarized in Taking risk assessment of peanut aflatoxin exposure expressed by the MOE in China as an example, the MOEs were calculated on the basis of Chinese peanut aflatoxin exposure and PODs from the reported literature, which were developed based on Chinese epidemiological data by EFSA [10] or rodent experimental data by Benford et al The relative PODs were summarized in Table 1. Here, BMDL10 (140 ng kg À1 bw day À1 for rodent [16] and 870 ng kg À1 bw day À1 for human) and BMDL1 (78 ng kg À1 bw day À1 for human), were introduced into the MOE calculation, which represented the 95% lower confidence limit (CL) of the BMD for a 10 or 1% increased cancer risk .…”

Section: Margin Of Exposure (Moe) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment and Prediction of Aflatoxin in Agro-Products

Li¹,

Ding²,

Bai³

et al. 2018

Risk Assessment

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Aflatoxin (AFT), highly toxic and carcinogenic to humans, seriously threatens consumption safety of agro-products. It is necessary to conduct risk assessment of aflatoxin contamination in agro-food products to find out critical control points (CCPs) and develop prediction, prevention and control theories and technologies. In this chapter, risk assessment and prediction of aflatoxin contamination in peanut were taken as an example. The values under the limit of detection (LOD) were replaced by zero, 1/2 LOD or LOD according to their respective proportion, and the distribution of values higher than the LOD was fitted by @RISK software. AFB 1 dietary exposure was evaluated based on nonparametric probability risk assessment and margin of exposure (MOE). A risk ranking method was adopted for mycotoxins based on food risk expectation ranking. Spatial analysis of AFB 1 contamination was conducted using geographic information system (GIS). Average climatic conditions were calculated by Thiessen polygon method and the relationship between AFB 1 concentration and average pre-harvest climatic conditions was obtained through multiple regression. To fulfill the purposes of reducing cost, increasing efficiency, maximizing the role of risk assessment and prediction, and improving the quality and safety of agricultural products, we will continuously focus on developing advanced and integrated technologies and solutions.

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“…The location of tumors appears to be related to the route of exposure. Inhalation of B[a]P often induces lung cancer, and oral administration leads to tumors in various organs/tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, lungs, and mammary glands (Benford et al 2010). In epidemiological studies, PAH–albumin and PAH–DNA adducts, which reflect PAH exposure, are associated with an elevated risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Chen et al 2002; Wu et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the cumulative adverse health effects of lower-dose B[a]P on susceptible populations should be considered and investigated. Although numerous studies have illustrated the effects of B[a]P on malignant transformation and carcinogenesis (Benford et al 2010; Su et al 2014; Wolterbeek et al 1995), the potential roles of B[a]P, especially low-dose B[a]P exposure, on cancer aggressiveness and progression are rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Benzo[ a ]pyrene Exposure on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Angiogenesis, Metastasis, and NF- κ B Signaling

Li²,

Huang³

et al. 2015

Environ Health Perspect

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BackgroundBenzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a common environmental and foodborne pollutant. Although the carcinogenicity of high-dose B[a]P has been extensively reported, the effects of long-term B[a]P exposure at lower environmental doses on cancer development are less understood.ObjectivesWe investigated the impact of B[a]P on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression at various levels of exposure and identified a potential intervention target.MethodsWe used a model based on human HCC cells exposed to various concentrations of B[a]P (i.e., 0.01, 1, or 100 nM) for 1 month to examine the effects of B[a]P on cell growth, migration, invasion, and angiogenicity. A bioluminescent murine model was established to assess tumor metastasis in vivo.ResultsChronic B[a]P exposure did not alter HCC cell growth but promoted cell migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. There was an negative association between B[a]P exposure and the survival of tumor-bearing mice. In addition, B[a]P-treated HCC cells recruited vascular endothelial cells and promoted tumor angiogenesis, possibly through elevating vascular endothelial growth factor secretion. Furthermore, the NF-κB pathway may be an adverse outcome pathway associated with the cumulative effects of B[a]P on HCC metastasis.ConclusionsThese findings a) indicate that B[a]P has effects on HCC progression; b) identify a possible adverse outcome pathway; and c) contribute to a better understanding of the adverse effects of chronic exposure of B[a]P to human health.CitationBa Q, Li J, Huang C, Qiu H, Li J, Chu R, Zhang W, Xie D, Wu Y, Wang H. 2015. Effects of benzo[a]pyrene exposure on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell angiogenesis, metastasis, and NF-κB signaling. Environ Health Perspect 123:246–254; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408524

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Application of the margin-of-exposure (MoE) approach to substances in food that are genotoxic and carcinogenic e.g.: Benzo[a]pyrene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Cited by 65 publications

References 6 publications

Sources and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in street dust from the Chang-Zhu-Tan Region, Hunan, China

Sources and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in street dust from the Chang-Zhu-Tan Region, Hunan, China

Risk Assessment and Prediction of Aflatoxin in Agro-Products

Effects of Benzo[ a ]pyrene Exposure on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Angiogenesis, Metastasis, and NF- κ B Signaling

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