Application of the Hierarchical Bootstrap to Multi-Level Data in Neuroscience

Saravanan, Varun; Berman, Gordon J; Sober, Samuel J.

doi:10.1101/819334

Cited by 123 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

146

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Here, all trial epochs of 5-15 cm/s movement were concatenated by subject before calculating PSD or coherence, capturing all spectral data for that subject. For theta band power correlations and theta phase lags, comparisons between the sexes and between estrous stages were analyzed using a hierarchical bootstrapping approach adapted from Saravanan et al (29). Trials were bootstrapped to subject, resampling data 10 4 permutations with replacement.…”

Section: Estrous Stage Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex differences and effects of estrous stage on hippocampal-prefrontal theta communications

Schoepfer

Wilber

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effective communication between the mammalian hippocampus and neocortex is essential to certain cognitive-behavioral tasks critical to survival in a changing environment. Notably, functional synchrony between local field potentials (LFPs) of the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) within the theta band (4-12 Hz) underlies innate avoidance behavior during approach-avoidance conflict tasks in male rodents. However, the physiology of vHPC-mPFC communications in females remains unestablished. Furthermore, little is known about how mPFC subdivisions functionally interact in the theta band with hippocampal subdivisions in both sexes in the absence of task demands. Given the established roles of biological sex and gonadal hormone status on innate avoidance behaviors and neuronal excitability, here, we characterize the effects of biological sex and female estrous stage on hippocampal-prefrontal theta signaling in freely-moving female and male rats. LFPs from vHPC, dorsal hippocampus (dHPC), mPFC-prelimbic (PrL), and mPFC-infralimbic (IL) were simultaneously recorded during spontaneous exploration of a familiar arena. Data suggest that theta phase and power in vHPC preferentially synchronize with PrL; conversely, dHPC and IL preferentially synchronize. Males displayed greater vHPC-PrL theta synchrony than females, despite similar regional frequency band power and inter-regional coherence. Additionally, several significant estrous-linked changes in hippocampal-prefrontal theta dynamics were observed. These findings support the hypothesis that biological sex and female estrous stage can both affect hippocampal-prefrontal theta signaling in a familiar environment. These findings establish novel research avenues concerning sexual dimorphisms and effects of gonadal hormone status in HPC-mPFC network activity pertaining to threat evaluation biomarkers. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEffective signaling between subregions of the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex underlies several cognitive-behavioral processes necessary for survival. Theta-frequency synchrony 2 between the local fields of the ventral hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex regulates innate avoidance behavior in male rodents. However, this circuit remains understudied in females, despite its potential utility in research modeling the neurobiology of anxiety disorders (and sex differences therein). Here, we demonstrate that both biological sex and female hormone status have multifaceted effects on hippocampal-prefrontal theta-frequency signaling in freely-moving rats during exploration of a familiar arena. These findings provide insight into how biological sex and female estrous stage shape the way in which these circuits may represent the potential for threat.

show abstract

Section: Estrous Stage Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correlation coefficients were then analyzed as a function of biological sex and as a function of the female estrous stage using a hierarchical bootstrapping method of data resampling (29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences and effects of estrous stage on hippocampal-prefrontal theta communications

Schoepfer

Wilber

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this experiment, one of the seven TRPV1-Cre::ChR2 mice was removed from the data set because it displayed saturating responses to Protocol 3 preventing comparison of values across a dynamic range. Response latencies, response rise times and response durations were computed using a hierarchical bootstrap procedure (Saravanan et al, 2019) modified to acquire bootstrap estimates of the median with balanced resampling. Briefly, mice are sampled with replacement for the number of times that there are mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanned optogenetic control of mammalian somatosensory input to map input-specific behavioral outputs

Schorscher-Petcu

Takács

Browne

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Somatosensory stimuli guide and shape behavior, from immediate protective reflexes to longer-term learning and high-order processes related to pain and touch. However, somatosensory inputs are challenging to control in awake mammals due to the diversity and nature of contact stimuli. Application of cutaneous stimuli is currently limited to relatively imprecise methods as well as subjective behavioral measures. The strategy we present here overcomes these difficulties by achieving spatiotemporally precise, remote and dynamic optogenetic stimulation of skin by projecting light to a small defined area in freely-behaving mice. We mapped behavioral responses to specific nociceptive inputs and revealed a sparse code for stimulus intensity: using the first action potential, the number of activated nociceptors governs the timing and magnitude of rapid protective pain-related behavior. The strategy can be used to define specific behavioral repertoires, examine the timing and nature of reflexes, and dissect sensory, motor, cognitive and motivational processes guiding behavior.

show abstract

“…All statistical tests were performed with custom code in MATLAB. For fly walking behavior in Figure 7, we used bootstrap simulations with 10,000 random draws to compare both the likelihood of stationary flies to start walking, as well as changes in walking speed (Saravanan et al, 2019). Stationary trials were assigned a binary value to indicate that the fly began walking (1) or not (0).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A size principle for leg motor control inDrosophila

Azevedo

Dickinson

Gurung

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To move the body, the brain must precisely coordinate patterns of activity among diverse populations of motor neurons. In many species, including vertebrates, the motor neurons innervating a given muscle fire in a specific order that is determined by a gradient of cellular size and electrical excitability. This hierarchy allows premotor circuits to recruit motor neurons of increasing force capacity in a task-dependent manner. However, it remains unclear whether such a size principle also applies to species with more compact motor systems, such as the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, which has just 53 motor neurons per leg. Using in vivo calcium imaging and electrophysiology, we found that genetically-identified motor neurons controlling flexion of the fly tibia exhibit a gradient of anatomical, physiological, and functional properties consistent with the size principle. Large, fast motor neurons control high force, ballistic movements while small, slow motor neurons control low force, postural movements. Intermediate neurons fall between these two extremes. In behaving flies, motor neurons are recruited in order from slow to fast. This hierarchical organization suggests that slow and fast motor neurons control distinct motor regimes. Indeed, we find that optogenetic manipulation of each motor neuron type has distinct effects on the behavior of walking flies.

show abstract

Application of the Hierarchical Bootstrap to Multi-Level Data in Neuroscience

Cited by 123 publications

References 68 publications

Sex differences and effects of estrous stage on hippocampal-prefrontal theta communications

Sex differences and effects of estrous stage on hippocampal-prefrontal theta communications

Scanned optogenetic control of mammalian somatosensory input to map input-specific behavioral outputs

A size principle for leg motor control inDrosophila

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About