Application of the general theory of disperse deposits formation in an investigation of mechanism of zinc electrodeposition from the alkaline electrolytes

Nikolić, Nebojša D.; Živković, Predrag; Lović, Jelena; Branković, Goran

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.12.024

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Since the polarization curves are simulated in a function of j 0 /j L ratios, then the superposition between the experimental and simulated curves inside the plateau of the limiting diffusion current density is only relevant for this method of the estimation of j 0 . 4 The good agreement between the j 0 values estimated by this method 4 and those found in the literature 5 was observed in the case of Zn electrodeposition. Also, application of this unique procedure enables mutual comparison of the j 0 values of the different metals, because all electrodeposition systems are treated in the same way.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Estimation of the exchange current density and comparative analysis of morphology of electrochemically produced lead and zinc deposits

Nikolić

Živković²,

Branković

et al. 2017

JSCS

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The processes of lead and zinc electrodeposition from the very dilute electrolytes were compared by the analysis of polarization characteristics and by the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of the morphology of the deposits obtained in the galvanostatic regime of electrolysis. The exchange current densities for lead and zinc were estimated by comparison of experimentally obtained polarization curves with the simulated ones obtained for the different the exchange current density to the limiting diffusion current density ratios. Using this way for the estimation of the exchange current density, it is shown that the exchange current density for Pb was more than 1300 times higher than the one for Zn. In this way, it is confirmed that the Pb electrodeposition processes are considerably faster than the Zn electrodeposition processes. The difference in the rate of electrochemical processes was confirmed by a comparison of morphologies of lead and zinc deposits obtained at current densities which corresponded to 0.25 and 0.50 values of the limiting diffusion current densities.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Estimation of the exchange current density and comparative analysis of morphology of electrochemically produced lead and zinc deposits

Nikolić

Živković²,

Branković

et al. 2017

JSCS

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“…The part of the polarization curve characterized by the fast increase in the current density with increasing cathodic potential after the end of the plateau of the limiting diffusion current density represents another segment at the polarization curve for which the analysis of deserves special attention. This part can be attributed to vigorous hydrogen evolution, as in the case of copper [13,33,35,44], or to instantaneous formation and growth of dendrites, as in the case of silver [33,34], lead [45,46], and zinc [47]. Although the performed SEM analysis of Sn deposits revealed the positions originating from hydrogen evolution as a parallel reaction to Sn electrolysis (for example, see parts in circles in Figure 4g), the regular shapes of dendrites formed in the whole range of the cathodic potentials clearly indicate that this amount of generated hydrogen was not enough to achieve any significant effect on hydrodynamic conditions in the near-electrode layer, and hence, to inhibit tin dendritic growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Structure of Electrolytically Synthesized Tin Dendritic Nanostructures

Nikolic

Lović

Maksimović

et al. 2022

Metals

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The formation of tin dendritic nanostructures by electrolysis from the alkaline electrolyte has been investigated. Morphology and structure of Sn dendrites produced applying both potentiostatic and galvanostatic regimes of the electrolysis are characterized by SEM and XRD, respectively. Depending on the applied cathodic potentials, three types of Sn dendrites were obtained: (a) needle-like and spear-like, (b) fern-like, and (c) stem-like dendrites. The very branchy dendrites with branches of the prismatic shape obtained by the galvanostatic regime of electrolysis represented a novel type of Sn dendrites, not previously reported in the literature. To explain the formation of various dendritic forms, correlation with the polarization characteristics for this electrodeposition system is considered. The needle-like and the spear-like dendrites represented monocrystals of (200),(400) preferred orientation, the fern-like dendrites exhibited the predominant (220),(440) preferred orientation, while in the stem-like particles Sn crystallites were oriented to a greater extent in the (440) crystal plane than in other planes. The galvanostatically synthesized Sn particles possessed the strong (200),(400) preferred orientation. The strong influence of parameters and regimes of electrodeposition on structural characteristics of Sn dendrites is explained by the fundamental laws of electrocrystallization taking into consideration the concept of slow-growing and fast-growing crystal planes.

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“…14. Since the plateaus of the limiting diffusion current density at the polarization curves for Ag from the nitrate electrolyte (Ag(NIT)) and Pb are with a slope to the overpotential axis, the values of the current density corresponding to the inflection points are taken as the limiting diffusion current densities. The shape of polarization curves exclusively depends on the type of electrolyte, while only changes in the length of the plateau of the limiting diffusion current density were observed with various concentrations of both the depositing ions and the supporting electrolyte [6,10,11,27,30]. As a result of the decrease of the exchange current density (or the rate of electrodeposition), moving of the plateaus of the limiting diffusion current density towards the higher overpotentials of electrodeposition is observed.…”

Section: General Discussion Of the Presented Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Unlike lead and silver, the typical polarization curve for zinc electrodeposition from an alkaline electrolyte showed the well defined plateau of the limiting diffusion current density, in the range of overpotentials between 110 and 180 mV [6] (Fig. 6).…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The common characteristic of this group of metals is formation of disperse (powder, irregular) forms starting from small overpotentials, and the absence of formation of compact deposits without use of additives [1,2]. There is no unique and precise way for determination of the exchange current density values of this group of metals, and auxiliary ways are proposed for their estimation [4,6,7].…”

Section: Basic Factsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of the exchange current density and overpotential for hydrogen evolution reaction on the shape of electrolytically produced disperse forms - Review

Nikolić¹

2020

J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng.

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In this study, comprehensive survey of formation of disperse forms by the electrolysis from aqueous electrolytes and molten salt electrolysis has been presented. The shape of electrolitically formed disperse forms primarily depends on the nature of metals, determined by the exchange current density (j0) and overpotential for hydrogen evolution reaction as a parallel reaction to metal electrolysis. The decrease of the j0 value leads to a change of shape of dendrites from the needle-like and the 2D fern-like dendrites (metals characterized by high j0 values) to the 3D pine-like dendrites (metals characterized by medium j0 values). The appearing of a strong hydrogen evolution leads to formation of cauliflower-like and spongy-like forms (metals characterized by medium and low j0 values). The other disperse forms, such as regular and irregular crystals, granules, cobweb-like, filaments, mossy and boulders, usually feature metals characterized by the high j0 values. The globules and the carrot-like forms are a characteristic of metals with the medium j0 values. The very long needles were a product of molten salt electrolysis of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate. Depending on the shape of the disperse forms, i.e. whether they are formed without and with vigorous hydrogen evolution, formation of all disperse forms can be explained by either application of the general theory of disperse deposits formation or the concept of "effective overpotential". With the decrease of j0 value, the preferred orientation of the disperse forms changed from the strong (111) in the needle-like and the fern-like dendrites to randomly oriented crystallites in the 3D pine-like dendrites and the cauliflower-like and the spongy-like forms.

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Application of the general theory of disperse deposits formation in an investigation of mechanism of zinc electrodeposition from the alkaline electrolytes

Abstract: Application of the general theory of disperse deposits formation in an investigation of mechanism of zinc electrodeposition from the alkaline electrolytes

Cited by 17 publications

References 46 publications

Estimation of the exchange current density and comparative analysis of morphology of electrochemically produced lead and zinc deposits

Estimation of the exchange current density and comparative analysis of morphology of electrochemically produced lead and zinc deposits

Morphology and Structure of Electrolytically Synthesized Tin Dendritic Nanostructures

Influence of the exchange current density and overpotential for hydrogen evolution reaction on the shape of electrolytically produced disperse forms - Review

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