Application of the four-subtest WAIS-R short form with an older clinical sample

Ryan, Joseph J.; Georgemiller, Randy; McKinney, Barbara E.

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198407)40:4<1033::aid-jclp2270400428>3.0.co;2-c

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Roth et al concluded that Silverstein's short forms provide only a rough, positively biased estimate of FSIQ in clinical settings. Ryan, Georgemiller, and McKinney (1984) evaluated SF4 in a sample of 55 elderly patients (54 males, 1 female). Although 27% of the subjects showed changes in IQ classification, the correlation between short form IQ and WAIS-R FSIQ was highly significant and mean IQ's for the two forms were nonsignificant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two- and four-subtest short forms of the WAIS--R: Validity in a psychiatric sample.

Thompson¹,

Howard²,

Anderson³

1986

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des

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The validity of two-and four-subtest short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale -Revised (WAIS-R) was investigated using a sample of 45 male and 45 female psychiatric patients. Both short forms were highly correlated with Full Scale IQ, although there was a mean IQ overestimate. Forty-two percent of the subjects were placed in different IQ categories by SF2, whereas a 40% misclassification rate occurred with SF4. SF2 and SF4 estimates were within the 95% confidence limits of Full Scale IQ for 62% and 72% of the subjects, respectively. Shortened administration time reduced the accuracy of SF2, but did not influence SF4 IQ estimates. SF4 validity was better for females than for males.A number of recent investigations have examined short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale -Revised (WAIS-R; Wechsler, 1981). Judging by the number of publications, short forms which eliminate subtests are somewhat more popular than those which retain all of the subtests but eliminate items (Adams, Smigielski, & Jenkins, 1984;Dinning & Kraft, 1983;Satz & Mogel, 1962;Silverstein, 1982b). Silverstein (1982a) has provided tables for estimating Full Scale IQs (FSIQ) for a two-subtest short form consisting of Vocabulary and Block Design (SF2) and a four-subtest short form consisting of Vocabulary, Arithmetic, Block Design, and Picture Arrangement (SF4). Using data from the WAIS-R test manual, Silverstein's criteria for the selection of these short forms was primarily validity (i.e., those combinations of subtests having the highest correlations with FSIQ). Although SF4 was not the most valid tetrad of subtests, it nevertheless possessed high validity (r = .93) and had a history of clinical use with the WISC-R (Kaufman, 1976) and the WA1S (Doppelt, 1956;Silverstein, 1985). Cyr and Brooker (1984) have also addressed the selection of WAIS-R short forms. Using Wechsler's (1981) data, these authors averaged validity and reliability coefficients to arrive at the best short form combinations. Cyr and Brooker corroborate the Vocabulary-Block Design combination as the best dyad, although their best tetrad consisted of Vocabulary, Block Design, Arithmetic, and Similarities.Portions of this paper were presented at the Canadian Psychological Association's forty-sixth annual convention,

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confidence: 99%

Two- and four-subtest short forms of the WAIS--R: Validity in a psychiatric sample.

Thompson¹,

Howard²,

Anderson³

1986

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des

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“…For example, classifying the subjects in this study on the basis of their two-, three-, and four-subtest estimated IQs resulted in misclassification rates of 37%, 31%, and 24%, respectively. Other investigators studying different WAIS–R short forms (e.g., Ryan, Georgemiller, & McKinney, 1984) have reported similar rates of misclassification, a phenomenon that clearly derives from the measurement error inherent in the instruments. Kaufman et al (1991) have recommended that an estimated IQ never be used to classify an individual according to level of intelligence; rather, the score obtained should be reported and unambiguously labeled as an estimated IQ, ideally with an associated confidence interval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Validation of Kaufman, Ishikuma, and Kaufman-Packer's Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised short forms on a clinical sample.

McCusker¹

1994

Psychological Assessment

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Short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) developed by A. Kaufman, T. Ishikuma, and J. Kaufman-Packer (1991) were cross-validated on 207 male and 133 female psychiatric inpatients and outpatients (aged 16-79 years) with low mean IQ. Results showed that the short forms displayed psychometric properties comparable to those observed in the WAIS-R standardization sample. Validities were stable across differences in S age, gender, race, inpatient versus outpatient status, years of education, and diagnosis. In contrast to D. Boone's (1992a) findings, the 4-subtest short form evidenced greater predictive accuracy than either the 2-or the 3-subtest form. Users are cautioned that it is inappropriate to classify individuals according to level of intelligence on the basis of short-form IQ scores.Contributing to an ongoing quest for brief, valid methods of assessing global intelligence, Kaufman and his colleagues (Kaufman, 1990;Kaufman, Ishikuma, & Kaufman-Packer, 1991) have formulated three "amazingly" short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R): a dyad (Information and Picture Completion), a triad (Information, Picture Completion, and Digit Span), and a tetrad (Arithmetic, Similarities, Picture Completion, and Digit Symbol). A feature that distinguishes these short forms from those proposed by others is their remarkable brevity in terms of the time required for administration and scoring. By way of illustration, Kaufman et al. noted that their tetrad takes less time to administer than Silverstein's Vocabulary and Block Design dyad, but it possesses comparable reliability (.93 vs. .94) and slightly higher validity (.95 vs. .91;

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“…In a study, the correlation between four subtests short form and WAIS-R Full-Scale IQ reported highly significant (r (53)= .95). According to this result, the four subtests short form appear to have clinical utility as a screening device to identify patients with atypical cognitive functioning (Ryan, Georgemiller, & McKinney, 1984). Four subtests of WASI-R were employed to control the effect of intelligence on two groups' performances.…”

Section: Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (Ypi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Psychopathy Traits and Behavioral Inhibition Among Smoker and Non-Smoker Teenage Students

Marandizadehshirvan¹,

Rafieinia²,

Sm³

2021

Preprint

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Aims: Adolescence is a critical period because the brain is involved in the process of maturation that entails cognitive functions. On the way of maturation, an individual’s inhibitory control undergoes many changes and becomes vulnerable to different thrill-seeking like smoking, drinking, and so on. Smoking is highly prevalent among teenagers that are trying to take control of their behaviors in order to join society. They experience antisocial behavior too which is a trait that can lead adolescents to addiction. This trait is an inevitable part of psychopathy. Inhibitory deficits and psychopathy have been widely reported in addiction studies. The current study tried to investigate the relationship between psychopathic traits and behavioral inhibition between male smokers and non-smoker teenage students.Materials & Methods: Statistical sample of this research is 62 teenage students aged 17 years that are divided into smoker and non-smoker groups. The participants have been chosen through random sampling from the population of 10 high schools. The data have been gathered in Kordkoy and Gorgan in Golestan province. Behavioral bias has been measured by Go/NoGo task and psychopathic traits through youth psychopathic traits inventory. Also, the short form of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale test has been executed and used as a control variable.Findings: A meaningful difference has been found between the performance of smoker and non-smoker groups in Go/No Go task and psychopathic traits that are smokers performed weaker in comparison with non-smokers and psychopathic traits of smokers were meaningfully higher than non-smokers. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between these two groups in their Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale scores.Conclusion: The results have shown that smokers have higher psychopathic traits and lower behavioral inhibition when compared with their non-smoker peers. According to the results of current research, smoking can decline the cognitive functions.

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Application of the four-subtest WAIS-R short form with an older clinical sample

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Two- and four-subtest short forms of the WAIS--R: Validity in a psychiatric sample.

Two- and four-subtest short forms of the WAIS--R: Validity in a psychiatric sample.

Validation of Kaufman, Ishikuma, and Kaufman-Packer's Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised short forms on a clinical sample.

Comparing Psychopathy Traits and Behavioral Inhibition Among Smoker and Non-Smoker Teenage Students

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