Application of the factor method to the service life prediction of window frames

Maia, Margarida; Morais, Rodrigo Ferreira de; Silva, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.104245

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Potential effects stemming from biotic agents like staining fungi, moulds, rot fungi, bacteria, woodboring beetles, termites, and marine wood-borers need to be considered. Quantifying the effect of different wooddegrading organisms on the functional and aesthetic service life of wood is more complex than quantifying effects of abiotic agents, which can negatively affect building materials through crack development, corrosion, embrittlement, abrasion or carbonatation (Lacasse et al 2020;Maia et al 2020). Often, the severity of biotic and abiotic degradation hazards is associated with the geographical location of a building and the climatic conditions on-site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the biotic degradation hazard of wood in Europe – biophysical background, engineering applications, and climate change-induced prospects

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Construction using timber has seen a resurgence in light of global climate mitigation policies. Wood is a renewable resource, and engineered wood products are proving to be competitive against concrete and steel while having several advantages. However, while the renewable nature of wood in construction is a beneficial property for climate mitigation policies, the process of biodegradation introduces a challenge for service life planning. A review of hazard mapping is presented while developing contemporary hazard maps, occurrence maps and projected hazard maps for 2050 using representative concentration pathways (RCP) 2.6 and 8.5. The risk of timber decay is expected to increase in most of Europe as the temperatures rise, with a decrease expected in dryer regions. Termites are likely to experience a range expansion as more areas become suitable, while human activity and an increase in extreme weather events like floods are expected to facilitate dispersion. Marine borer species already present a risk in most European coastal regions; however, the effect of changes in water temperatures are likely to shift the boundaries for individual borer species. Overall, warmer climates are expected to increase the metabolic activity of all of these organisms leading to a general reduction in service life.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the biotic degradation hazard of wood in Europe – biophysical background, engineering applications, and climate change-induced prospects

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The S w index is defined from the relationship between the total area affected by a set of anomalies that can occur in the buildings' components under analysis, weighted by their condition and severity, and a reference area corresponding to the total façade area. Numerous studies have been developed regarding the validation of the method's application to different types of facades' claddings, and the model proved to be a reliable system in terms of the assessment of the buildings components' degradation condition [36,37]. In 2019, the S w methodology was applied to external timber claddings, encompassing the appropriate modifications, to reflect the particular context of South Chile [34].…”

Section: Physical Service Life Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Functional and Physical Service Life of Timber Buildings Concerning Thermal Performance Simulations

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Currently, the cities in southern region of Chile present extremely high levels of atmospheric pollution. One of the main reasons for that is the adoption of inadequate thermal envelopes, which are not adapted to the buildings’ climatic and environmental surrounding conditions. Usually, the existing buildings do not have any type of thermal insulation, which causes excessive heating of spaces, in a region where the main source of heat is firewood. Thus, there is a need to intervene, improving the thermal energy performance of timber buildings, but will it be possible to make technically informed decisions that consider buildings’ service life? In this study, 72 buildings in the cities of Valdivia and Niebla (South Chile) have been analysed based on in-situ visual inspections. Concerning the novelty of the study, two methodologies have been used to define the end of their physical and functional service life, establishing a hierarchical scale concerning the priority of intervention in timber buildings. After that, three different thermal energy insulation performance scenarios have been modelled in terms of evaluating current conditions, basic thermal rehabilitation, or deep thermal rehabilitation. A more effective and profound intervention in terms of thermal performance leads to better habitability conditions for the buildings’ occupants in the context of South Chile, increasing their comfort between 36% to 46% of the year, when compared with current conditions. This kind of innovative analyses are extremely significant for the implementation of preventive maintenance programs focused not only on the restoration of the physical or functional service life of building stocks, but also considering their thermal energy performance in order to improve the habitability of the buildings for their occupants, and reducing both atmospheric pollutants and firewood consumption in the South of the country.

show abstract

“…For PVC, aluminum and wood frames it ranged from 30 to 50 years, whereas for glazing it was about 20 years. Maia et al [95] analyzed 173 aluminum and 41 wooden window frames. The estimated service life of aluminum and wooden frames was between 37 and 41 years and about 28 years, respectively.…”

Section: Durability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Effectiveness or Economic Profitability? A Case Study of Thermal Modernization of a School Building

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thermal refurbishment of buildings results in certain energy, financial, and environmental effects. Such investments are financially supported in Poland after meeting the legally defined conditions of thermal protection and energy consumption. This paper presents a complex thermal modernization of a school building, performed by following Polish regulations. A detailed description of the studied object was given, and the calculation procedure was described. Then an optimal variant of an investment and an ex-post analysis were described. Simple payback time (SPBT) of modernization measures was from 15.8 years (insulation of the ceiling under the unheated attic) to 87 years for insulation of the wooden external wall, with 35.6 years for the whole project, which is shorter than the predicted lifespan of the whole building (50–70 years). Annual calculated heating demand decreased from 464.78 to 168.73 GJ, resulting in the primary energy consumption indicator (EP) of 484.44 and 129.46 kWh/m2, respectively. Thermal refurbishment with the replacement of an old boiler into a new wood-pellet one resulted in a significant reduction of SO2 and dust emissions from 451 to 27.5 kg and from 399 to 13 kg, respectively.

show abstract

Application of the factor method to the service life prediction of window frames

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Mapping the biotic degradation hazard of wood in Europe – biophysical background, engineering applications, and climate change-induced prospects

Mapping the biotic degradation hazard of wood in Europe – biophysical background, engineering applications, and climate change-induced prospects

Estimating Functional and Physical Service Life of Timber Buildings Concerning Thermal Performance Simulations

Energy Effectiveness or Economic Profitability? A Case Study of Thermal Modernization of a School Building

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About