Application of the CRISPR/Cas9 System to Study Regulation Pathways of the Cellular Immune Response to Influenza Virus

Abstract

Influenza A virus (IAV) causes a respiratory infection that affects millions of people of different age groups and can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Currently, host genes, receptors, and other cellular components critical for IAV replication are actively studied. One of the most convenient and accessible genome-editing tools to facilitate these studies is the CRISPR/Cas9 system. This tool allows for regulating the expression of both viral and host cell genes to enhance or impair viral entry and replication. This review considers the effect of the genome editing system on specific target genes in cells (human and chicken) in terms of subsequent changes in the influenza virus life cycle and the efficiency of virus particle production.

A Knockout of the IFITM3 Gene Increases the Sensitivity of WI-38 VA13 Cells to the Influenza A Virus

“…The limiting factor is the system of innate immune responses functioning within human cells [ 24 , 25 ]. One possible way to eliminate this phenomenon is a targeted knockout of genes encoding components of the innate immune response [ 26 ]. Therefore, in the present work, by means of genome-editing system CRISPR/Cas9, monoclonal cell lines with an IFITM3 knockout were created from cells of human origin.…”

A Knockout of the IFITM3 Gene Increases the Sensitivity of WI-38 VA13 Cells to the Influenza a Virus

“…The limiting factor is the system of innate immune responses functioning within human cells [24,25]. One of possible ways to eliminate this phenomenon is a targeted knockout of genes encoding components of the innate immune response [26]. Therefore, in the present work, by means of genome-editing system CRISPR/Cas9, monoclonal cell lines with an IFITM3 knockout were created from cells of human origin.…”