Application of TG-FT-i.r. to study hydrocarbon structure and kinetics

Carangelo, Robert M.; Solomon, P.R.; Gerson, D. J.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(87)90336-x

Cited by 75 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The interferences of other fragments in m/z signals 27 and 30 have been taken into account and subtracted [18]. The formation of NO in a reducing environment can be justified by the presence of oxygen in the PVP composition, as in coals, where NO has also been detected [18][19][20][21][22]. The fact that the detection of HCN and NO by FTIR is negligible, is surely due to the lower sensitivity of the equipment compared to the MS.…”

Section: Characterisation Of the Individual Model Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of model compounds and a synthetic coal by TG/MS/FTIR to represent the pyrolysis behaviour of coal

Arenillas

Pevida

Rubiera

et al. 2004

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

109

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Coal pyrolysis is the initial, accompanying reaction of a number of coal conversion processes such as hydrogenation, combustion and gasification. However, because of the inherent complexity of coal composition, it is difficult to describe coal pyrolysis clearly. Single model compounds have been used before in order to provide additional insight into the complex processes that occur in the pyrolysis of coal. Yet the picture obtained is a simplified one and certain important aspects such as coal structure, interactions between different surface groups and cross-links are omitted. The approach used in this work involves the preparation of a synthetic coal, SC, with a known structure by curing a mixture of single, well-defined model compounds. By means of chemical characterisation, the SC was shown to contain the macroscopic features of a high volatile coal (proximate and ultimate analyses). FTIR characterisation revealed the presence of functional groups similar to those of coal in the structure of the SC. Temperature-programmed pyrolysis tests were performed in a thermobalance linked to a mass spectrometer and a Fourier transform infrared analyser (TG/MS/FTIR). The thermal behaviour of the synthetic coal (i.e., rate of mass loss and the evolution profiles of gaseous compounds during pyrolysis tests) is very similar to that of the high volatile bituminous coal which was used as a reference material. The great advantage of using SC lies in the fact that its composition and structure can be accurately determined and employed in subsequent applications in basic and mechanistic studies.

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Section: Characterisation Of the Individual Model Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of model compounds and a synthetic coal by TG/MS/FTIR to represent the pyrolysis behaviour of coal

Arenillas

Pevida

Rubiera

et al. 2004

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

109

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“…The pyrolysis was carried out at 86 kPa [94]. The experiments were performed in a heated-grid apparatus at the heating rate of $500 K s À1 with variable holding times and provisions for rapid cool down.…”

Section: Fg-dvc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on devolatilization of coal in fluidized bed

Borah

Ghosh

Rao

2011

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYDevolatilization is an important step in fluidized bed combustion and gasification of coal. 'Devolatilization' is a general term that signifies the removal of volatile matters from the coal matrix. It is an extremely important step because the combustion of volatile matter can account for 50% of the specific energy of fluidized bed combustion of a high-volatile coal. Significant insights into the complex physicochemical phenomena that occur during devolatilization have been obtained in the recent years. This review focuses on the devolatilization of coal in an inert gas, air, and oxygen-enriched air, with emphasis on the effects of the operating parameters (e.g. temperature, heating rate, pressure, and gas velocity) on the yield of volatile matter. Particle size, oxygen content of the fluidizing gas, volatile content of coal and specific heat are some of the other important parameters for the devolatilization of coal. This review also explains the development and application of structural and empirical models. The structural models (e.g. FG-DVC and CPD models) are fairly complex. However, they can accurately predict the yields of gas and tar. It is observed from the review of the literature that the mechanism of coal devolatilization needs further study. Although the shrinking-core model can describe the devolatilization in the beginning and toward the end of the process, major deviations are often observed. The economic studies reveal that the capital cost of fluidized bed combustion reduces upon doubling the capacity. Some problems associated with bubbling fluidized bed combustion (e.g. the increase in freeboard temperature) have been explained with the present knowledge of devolatilization.

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“…The instrument consists of thremogravimetric analyser (TG) coupled with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer for the analysis of evolved volatiles. A detailed description of this technique has been published previously [11].…”

Section: Gas Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%