Application of Territorial Laser Scanning in 3D Modeling of Traditional Village: A Case Study of Fenghuang Village in China

Abstract

Historical villages bear historical, cultural, architectural, aesthetic, and landscape values, but they are facing a series of dangers and problems during the process of urbanization. Digital survey for traditional villages plays a crucial role in the preservation, planning, and development of this kind of heritage. The introduction of the terrestrial laser scanning technique is essential for heritage surveying, mapping, and modeling due to its advantages of noncontact measurement, accurate sensing of complex objects, and efficient operation. In recent years, TLS and related processing software (“SCENE”) have been widely presented as effective techniques for dealing with the management and protection of historical buildings in Fenghuang village. Thus, this paper highlights the process of using laser scanning to obtain architectural data, process point clouds, and compare the characteristics of historical buildings in Fenghuang village. The cloud-to-cloud registration technique is applied to build point clouds. As a result of model construction, some architectural patterns are summarized in this village, such as the spatial sequence of ancestral halls, the dominant position of memorial halls, and the character of building decorations and roof slopes. Furthermore, a BIM model is also explained to fulfill the statistical function for architectural components. In the future, more research can be fulfilled based on the built point cloud model, which will be beneficial for the development of the whole village.

Use of UAS and TLS technology in 3D modeling of constructions with complex architecture

“…Terrestrial laser scanning and photogrammetric approaches based on structure-from-motion produce similar results when used in conjunction with various measurement equipment and evaluation techniques for the 3D reconstruction of historic churches. Combining the two technologies allows for the creation of nearly finished 3D models (Templin et al, 2020;Capolupo, 2021;Lin et al, 2021). The reliable capture of point clouds without the requirement for specialized engineering knowledge is a benefit of laser scanning.…”

Deep learning based approaches from semantic point clouds to semantic BIM models for heritage digital twin

“…Nowadays, with the booming digital 3D mapping technologies [16,17], high quality 3D point cloud datasets are acquired through Unmanned Air Vehicle Digital Photogrammetry (UAVDP), Airborne Laser Scanner (ALS), Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) or Mobile Laser Scanner (MLS), has overwhelming advantages for much higher resolution with sampling interval down to few centimeters which forms the precious initial heritage survey data containing large amount details. The research [18][19][20][21] used UAV photogrammetry and supplement TLS point data in inaccessible building zones where shadow data originated, and then converted survey data into BIM, which is well-established environment for integrating geometrical and non-geometrical semantic information for the purpose of documentation and visualization particularly for heritage buildings. Therefore, as paper [5] pointed out it is difficult to integrate comprehensive, continuous data on the same data platform, and develop analysis and services from both micro and macro manner.…”

“…The work for Zee Ain Historical Village in Saudi Arabia [18] merged TLS point clouds with UAV photogrammetry data to build accurate parametric BIM models and BIM libraries with fine texture. The work for Fenghuang Village in China [19] constructed BIM models and BIM family for traditional architectures based on terrestrial laser scanning. These case studies serve the purpose of regional heritage documentation, characteristic analysis and visualization of certain effects.…”

Assessing accuracy and reliability of modern 3D reconstruction and measurement techniques in the evaluation of Byzantine baths: a case study

“…Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS) are particularly useful for monument documentation in surveying or forest applications (Gollob et al 2020;Lin et al 2021;Bitharis et al 2022). Monuments are structures that have cultural, historical, or archaeological signi cance, and accurate geometric documentation of these objects is critical for preservation and research purposes.…”