Application of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in diagnostic imaging of brain pathologies – a practical approach

Rubin, Aleksandra; Waszczuk, Łukasz; Trybek, Grzegorz; Kapetanakis, Stylianos; Bladowska, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107368

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…It is quite difficult to exclude hemorrhages due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Because deep cerebral MBs are more commonly associated with hypertensive arteriopathy, and since strictly lobar (cortical–subcortical) cerebral MBs are likely to reflect CAA ( 16 , 17 ), we excluded cases of clearly suspected CAA. However, it has been reported that solely based on the location of the hematoma, it is difficult to identify the difference in mortality rates between “possible” CAA-related hemorrhage and hypertensive hemorrhage ( 23 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exclusion criteria were as follows: patients with (1) a secondary ICH related to the following diseases and status: brain tumor, trauma, cerebral aneurysm, cerebral arteriovenous malformation, dural arteriovenous fistula, cavernous hemangioma, venous hemangioma, hemorrhagic cerebral infarction, sinus thrombosis, hyperperfusion syndrome, moyamoya disease, other underlying disease, or a status that tends to cause bleeding such as immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), vasculitis, and the postpartum period; (2) an isolated intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (but including intraparenchymal hemorrhage with IVH by ventricular perforation); (3) hemorrhage in patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 mmHg without oral antihypertensives; (4) a subcortical hemorrhage with multiple superficial microbleeds (MBs) in the same lobe on MRI (before or at admission), in order to avoid typical cerebral amyloid angiopathy cases ( 16 , 17 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) hemorrhage in patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 mmHg without oral antihypertensives; (4) a subcortical hemorrhage with multiple superficial microbleeds (MBs) in the same lobe on MRI (before or at admission), in order to avoid typical cerebral amyloid angiopathy cases (16,17).…”

Section: Patient Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secular trends and features of thalamic hemorrhages compared with other hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhages: an 18-year single-center retrospective assessment

et al. 2023

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IntroductionTrends regarding the locations of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhages are unclear. To clarify hypertensive hemorrhage trends, we investigated intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) over an 18-year period, focusing on thalamic hemorrhages compared with other sites of hemorrhages.MethodsWe reviewed the cases of patients hospitalized for hypertensive ICH in 2004–2021 at our hospital; 1,320 eligible patients were registered with a primary ICH/intraventricular hemorrhage. After exclusion criteria were applied, we retrospectively analyzed 1,026 hypertensive ICH cases.ResultsThe proportions of thalamic and subcortical hemorrhages increased over the 18-year period, whereas putaminal hemorrhage decreased. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that for thalamic hemorrhage, ≥200 mmHg systolic blood pressure (p = 0.031), bleeding <15 mL (p = 0.001), and higher modified Rankin scale (mRS) score ≥ 4 at discharge (p = 0.006) were significant variables in the late period (2013–2021) versus the early period (2004–2012), whereas for putaminal hemorrhage, significant factors in the late period were triglyceride <150 mg/dL (p = 0.006) and mRS score ≥ 4 at discharge (p = 0.002). Among the features of the thalamic hemorrhages in the late period revealed by our group comparison with the putaminal and subcortical hemorrhages, the total and subcortical microbleeds were more notable in the thalamic hemorrhages than in the other two types of hemorrhage, whereas cerebellar microbleeds were more prominent when compared only with subcortical hemorrhages.DiscussionOur findings revealed an increasing trend for thalamic hypertensive hemorrhage and a decreasing trend for putaminal hemorrhage. The thalamic hemorrhage increase was observed in both young and older patients, regardless of gender. The main features of thalamic hemorrhage in the late period versus the early period were decrease in larger hemorrhage (≥15 mL) and an increase in cases with higher systolic blood pressure (at least partially involved a small number of untreated hypertensive patients who developed major bleeding). The total and subcortical microbleeds were more notable in the thalamic hemorrhages of the late period than in the putaminal and subcortical hemorrhages. These results may contribute to a better understanding of the recent trends of hypertensive ICHs and may help guide their appropriate treatments for this condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%