Application of soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in chemical characterization of antiwear films generated by ZDDP Part II: the effect of detergents and dispersants

Yin, Zhanfeng; Kasrai, M.; Bancroft, G.M.; Fyfe, K.; Colaianni, M. L.; Tan, K. H.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(96)07273-0

Cited by 89 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It has been seen in other studies by George et al 40 that the ratio of ZDDP to dispersant is related to the level of wear when soot is present. Other studies [41][42][43][44] including Kulp et al, Booth et al have indicated that it is possible to get antagonistic effects from the combination of ZDDP and dispersants. This effect is due to either a complex formation in the bulk liquid or competition with the metal surface active sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soot–additive interactions in engine oils

O׳Neill

Simko

et al. 2009

Lubrication Science

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Soot is known to cause engine wear. In this work, we focus on how engine oil formulation affects sootrelated wear, and how the lubricant-derived anti-wear fi lm changes when soot is present. Friction and wear experiments of fully and partially formulated diesel engine oils (containing basestock, dispersants and viscosity modifi ers) are conducted with a ball-on-disk rig in the presence of carbon black (CB) as a soot surrogate. The friction coeffi cient was largely unaffected by CB dispersed in the oils, but electrically insulating fi lm formation, an indication of the formation of anti-wear fi lms, was decreased. Wear on the disk was found to either remain the same or decrease when CB was present, depending on the oil formulation. An examination of the lubricant-derived fi lms using Raman and Auger electron spectroscopies found that the presence of more abundant amorphous carbon and lesser amounts of anti-wear fi lm components on the surface was associated with higher wear.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soot–additive interactions in engine oils

O׳Neill

Simko

et al. 2009

Lubrication Science

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“…In XAS analysis, the detection technique, either electrons (total electron yield) or photons (fluorescence yield), provides information on the chemical structure at different sample depths. In order to identify the chemical nature of tribofilm species, the obtained spectra are compared with the spectra of different model compounds with known chemistry [12,25,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. To enable non-vacuum environment analysis, hard X-rays are required.…”

Section: Post-testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be done with the P L-edge XANES analysis. Analysis of P L-edge spectra can determine the phosphate chain length as well as the nature of cation in the phosphate molecule [25,27,33,57]. However, considering that the P L-edge absorption peak appears at around 135 eV, it cannot be obtained in non-vacuum conditions.…”

Section: Zddp and Zddp+modtc Tribofilm Chemical Composition Obtained mentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ reflection-XANES study of ZDDP and MoDTC lubricant films formed on steel and diamond like carbon (DLC) surfaces

Morina

Zhao

Mosselmans

2014

Applied Surface Science

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Chemical characterisation of boundary lubricated interfaces is essential for developing mechanistic models that describe lubricant additive interactions with the surface and their effect on tribological performance. In this study the potential for using the synchrotron-based reflection mode X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) technique for in-situ chemical characterisation of lubricant films has been studied.

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“…A lot of investigations have been conducted to evaluate the performances of additive mixtures and to determine the composition of associated tribofilms. Several factors were identified as playing a role: additive structure [1,2], additives concentration [3][4][5][6], base oil nature [7,8], …, or combinations of these parameters. A detailed review on published information on that topic was written by Willermet [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effects of MoDTC and ZDTP on Frictional Behaviour of Tribofilms at the Nanometer Scale

et al. 2004

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The layered structure and the rheological properties of anti-wear films generated in a rolling/sliding contact from lubricants containing zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDTP) and/or molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate (MoDTC) additives have been studied by dynamic nanoindentation experiments coupled with a simple modelling of the stiffness measurements. Local nano-friction experiments were conducted with the same device in order to determine the evolution of the friction coefficient as a function of the applied pressure for the different lubricant formulations. For the MoDTC film, the applied pressure in the friction test remains low (<0.5 GPa) and the apparent friction coefficient is high (µ>0.4). For the tribofilms containing MoDTC together with ZDTP, which permits the applied pressure to increase up to a few GPa through some accommodation process, a very low friction domain appears (0.01<µ<0.05), located a few nanometers below the surface of the tribofilm. This low friction coefficient is attributed to the presence of MoS 2 planes sliding over each other in a favourable configuration obtained when the pressure is sufficiently high, which is made possible by the presence of ZDTP.

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Application of soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in chemical characterization of antiwear films generated by ZDDP Part II: the effect of detergents and dispersants

Cited by 89 publications

References 26 publications

Soot–additive interactions in engine oils

Soot–additive interactions in engine oils

In-situ reflection-XANES study of ZDDP and MoDTC lubricant films formed on steel and diamond like carbon (DLC) surfaces

Synergistic Effects of MoDTC and ZDTP on Frictional Behaviour of Tribofilms at the Nanometer Scale

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