Application of segmented analysis via multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares to 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify different sugar sources

Application of flash GC e-nose and FT-NIR combined with deep learning algorithm in preventing age fraud and quality evaluation of pericarpium citri reticulatae

“…Among them, PCA is a commonly used unsupervised classification and statistical method, which can reduce dimensionality and extract features from high-dimensional data ( Fuentes et al, 2023 ). DFA is a supervised classification method, which is mainly used to find the linear combination that can classify the observed objects most effectively ( Zhang et al, 2023 , Zhang et al, 2023 ).…”