Application ofmulti‐stepbridge‐type fault current limiter for faultride‐throughcapability enhancement of permanent magnet synchronous generator‐based wind turbines

Abstract

This study presents a new Multi‐Step Bridge‐type Fault Current Limiter (MSBFCL) for Fault Ride‐Through (FRT) capability enhancement of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)‐based wind turbine. In this structure, multi‐resistors in parallel with the Insulated‐Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) switches are used to provide a controllable discrete step resistance. Considering the voltage sag depth at the Point of Common Coupling bus, the MSBFCL inserts the suitable limiting resistance in the faulted line path to limit short circuit current and boost the terminal voltage at determined value. Limiting the fault current based on multi‐step resistance prevents considerable overvoltage at the Grid Side Converter (GSC) of the PMSG and saturated operation mode of GSC control system in low voltage sag condition, which can lead to loss of controllability. The MSBFCL scheme is compared to the Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) and Braking Chopper (BC) schemes. Simulations were carried out in Matlab/Simulink environment. Simulation results demonstrate that the MSBFCL provides a simple and effective solution to enhance the FRT capability of the PMSG in the whole range of voltage sag level and is advantageous over the SFCL and BC schemes.

Small-Signal Modeling of PMSG-Based Wind Turbine for Low Voltage Ride-Through and Artificial Intelligent Studies

“…The small-signal model of the grid in (25) and 26is obtained by linearizing (11) and 13, respectively, as:…”

“…In [7], a comprehensive review of LVRT methods is done in two general categories: (a) high cost, using external devices; and (b) low cost, modifying control circuit of back-to-back converters and pitch angle. External devices that improve LVRT include FACTS devices [8], the braking chopper system [9,10], the fault current limiter (FCL) [11,12], and the energy storage system (ESS) [13] utilized at the common coupling point (PCC), dc-link, grid side, and dc-link, respectively. In addition, many studies have been performed in the field of improving back-to-back converter control circuits [14], including the use of active current droop in the MSC controller [9] as well as changing control functions between MSC and GSC [15].…”

Protection of Sensitive Loads in Distribution Systems Using a BSFCL-DVR System

“…In [ 18 ], a multi-step braking resistor is proposed to enhance the FRT performance of fixed-speed wind turbines. In [ 19 ], a multi-resistor BFCL (MRBFCL) is proposed to mitigate the PCC voltage under different voltage sag levels. In this configuration multi resistors has been used instead of single resistor in the conventional BFCL in [ 20 ].…”

“…In this configuration multi resistors has been used instead of single resistor in the conventional BFCL in [ 20 ]. It is implemented to the DFIG [ 19 ] and permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based [ 19 ] wind turbines for enhancing the FRT, respectively. Authors in [ 21 ] presents a dynamic multi-cell BFCL to compensate the PCC voltage of wind farms.…”

Controllable-Dual Bridge Fault Current Limiter for Interconnection Micro-Grids

“…This compensates for the voltage sag at the DFIG terminal to enhance the FRT under whole conditions. In addition, this structure without the series transformer is used for connecting the converter-based DG unit to the grid [28]. However, BFCLs require a high current-rating DC reactor and semiconductor switches due to the flowing fault current amplitude from them.…”