Application of response surface methodology and dynamic Monte Carlo simulation to study the hydrogen production from formic acid on Ni(1 0 0)

Nickel ferrite nanoparticles catalyzed dark fermentation of dairy wastewater for biohydrogen production

“…All initial optimization studies were carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in the Design-Expert 7.0.0 software environment. RSM is a statistical empirical technique that determines the significance of parameters by a factorial method (Rafiee and Bashiri, 2020). Three parameters of temperature, pH, and concentration of NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles were selected as the optimization parameters, and 20 runs was chosen as the number of experiment repetitions to examine the parameters' effects.…”

“…The peak emerging at 710.6 eV represents the presence of Fe 3+ cations (Fan et al, 2020). The peaks appearing at 706.9 and 719.5 eV can be assigned to Fe0 2p3/2 (Tiang et al, 2020, Rafiee andBashiri, 2020). Ni 2p XPS pattern (SM1e) includes the Ni characteristic peaks at 856.1 eV and 874.9 eV representing NiO, and the peaks at 881.2 eV and 861.9 eV representing Ni 2+ (Nguyen et al, 2018).…”