Application of Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Fluoride Removal Mechanism by Newely Developed Biomaterial

Abstract

The adsorption capacities of new biomaterials derived from lemon leaf (Citrus sp.) toward fluoride ions have been explored by varying different physicochemical parameters such as pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, stirring rate and temperature. The entire study was done through batch process. Maximum fluoride adsorption of 96.9%-98.8% was achieved with an initial concentration of 10 mg/L. Langmuir isotherm model well expressed fluoride adsorption onto LLD-1, LLD-2 and LLD-3. According to correlation coefficient, the fluoride adsorption onto these 3 adsorbents was correlated well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model. From thermodynamic study, the spontaneous nature and feasibility of the adsorption process with negative enthalpy (∆H 0) value also supported the exothermic nature were shown. The rate of fluoride adsorption was mathematically described as a function of experimental parameters and was modeled through Box-Behnken (Response surface methodology). The results showed that the responses of fluoride adsorption were significantly affected by the quadratic term of pH, initial concentration, contact time and temperature and the statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA which indicated good correlation of experimental parameters.

Application of response surface methodology for optimization of biosorption of fluoride from groundwater using Shorea robusta flower petal

“…In the present study, the experimental design for calcium impregnation was done using the response surface methodology (RSM). Quantitative data obtained from the adequate experiments was analyzed by RSM to optimize the operating conditions estimating regression model equation (Bhaumik et al 2013;Fakhri 2015;Fakhri and Behrouz 2015a;Ghosh et al 2016;Mouelhi et al 2015;Gupta et al 2017).…”

“…The validity of the proposed polynomial equation was assessed by the values of R 2 , R 2 Adj and R 2 Pred . More was the value of R 2 , more was the fitting of experimental data to the proposed polynomial equation (Bhaumik et al 2013). Numerical optimization technique was adopted to determine optimum condition of calcium impregnation (Hernández-Montoya et al 2012).…”

“…Therefore, it can be stated that calcium impregnation enhanced the fluoride removal in case of CCSFP. Bhaumik et al (2013) showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of fluoride onto calcium-modified lemon leaf surface was higher (38.46 mg/g) than raw lemon leaf powder (7.63 mg/g). Since much more removal was achieved with CCSFP, further studies on fluoride removal was done with CCSFP only.…”

“…Such problems can be diminished by changing a number of variables at a time. This is possible by designing experiments statistically using statistical techniques such as response surface methodology (RSM) (Bhaumik et al 2013). Besides getting optimum conditions, RSM has the advantage of studying the interaction between various input parameters at a time compared to one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) analysis (Alkhatib et al 2015).…”

“…RSM was used for optimization of preparation of adsorbents from such biomaterials, viz. tamarind seed, neem and kikar leaves (Kumar et al 2008), neem charcoal (Chakrabarty and Sarma 2012), raw and treated lemon leaf (Bhaumik et al 2013), thermally and chemically activated coconut fiber , aluminium-impregnated coconut fiber , banana peel dust , aluminium-impregnated potato plant ash (Ghosh et al 2016), etc. However, application of RSM both for preparation of adsorbent and removal of fluoride using prepared adsorbent is quite terse.…”