Application of response surface method for predicting electroless nickel plating

Oraon, B.; Majumdar, Gautam; Ghosh, B.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2005.01.025

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…(2) The phosphorus content of deposits is decreased with increasing pH and temperature, but it is increased with lactic acid concentration. (3) The hardness of Ni-P deposits is increased with increasing pH and temperature, whereas lactic acid concentration has no effect on Ni-P deposit hardness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroless nickel–phosphorus deposition on carbon steel CK-75 and study of the effects of some parameters on properties of the deposits

2009

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Electroless nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) deposition provides coatings with high hardness and excellent resistance to wear and abrasion. In this study, autocatalytic deposition of Ni-P alloy has been carried out on steel CK-75 sheets from bath containing nickel sulfate hexahydrate, sodium hypophosphite hydrate, thiourea, lactic acid, and sodium acetate. The effects of lactic acid concentration, pH and temperature on deposition rate, composition of deposits, and hardness have been studied. Also the changes in the hardness and structure of deposits by heat-treatment were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy methods. It is shown that deposits crystallized after heat-treatment at 400°C for 1 h and crystallization to Ni and Ni 3 P was observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroless nickel–phosphorus deposition on carbon steel CK-75 and study of the effects of some parameters on properties of the deposits

2009

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“…Few studies related to implementation of experimental design for nickel plating process have been reported in literature (Oraon et al, 2006;Bai, 2001a, 2001b). Oraon et al (2006) have applied the response surface method for predicting of electroless nickel plating process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oraon et al (2006) have applied the response surface method for predicting of electroless nickel plating process. In this respect, authors have used a central composite design (CCD) for experimentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of experiments for statistical modeling and multi-response optimization of nickel electroplating process

Poroch-Seriţan

Gutt

et al. 2011

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

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“…Electroless Ni composite coatings have been widely produced [21][22][23] and electroless Ni-P-SiC composite coatings are recognised for their high hardness and wear resistance [24][25]. However, Ni is more expensive than Cu, and Cu coatings can be considered as a replacement for Ni coatings because of its low resistivity and high electromigration resistance as one of the most attractive materials for future devices [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroless copper-phosphorus coatings with the addition of silicon carbide (SiC) particles

Faraji

Rahim

Mohamed

et al. 2011

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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Cu-P-silicon carbide (SiC) composite coatings were deposited by means of electroless plating. The effects of pH values, temperature, and different concentrations of sodium hypophosphite (NaH 2 PO 2 ·H 2 O), nickel sulfate (NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O), sodium citrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ·2H 2 O) and SiC on the deposition rate and coating compositions were evaluated, and the bath formulation for Cu-P-SiC composite coatings was optimised. The coating compositions were determined using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The corresponding optimal operating parameters for depositing Cu-P-SiC are as follows: pH 9; temperature, 90ºC; NaH 2 PO 2 ·H 2 O concentration, 125 g/L; NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O concentration, 3.125 g/L; SiC concentration, 5 g/L; and C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ·2H 2 O concentration, 50 g/L. The surface morphology of the coatings analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that Cu particles are uniformly distributed. The hardness and wear resistance of Cu-P composite coatings are improved with the addition of SiC particles and increase with the increase of SiC content.

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Application of response surface method for predicting electroless nickel plating

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

Electroless nickel–phosphorus deposition on carbon steel CK-75 and study of the effects of some parameters on properties of the deposits

Electroless nickel–phosphorus deposition on carbon steel CK-75 and study of the effects of some parameters on properties of the deposits

Design of experiments for statistical modeling and multi-response optimization of nickel electroplating process

Electroless copper-phosphorus coatings with the addition of silicon carbide (SiC) particles

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