Application of Remote-Sensing-Based Hydraulic Model and Hydrological Model in Flood Simulation

Abstract

Floods are one of the main natural disaster threats to the safety of people’s lives and property. Flood hazards intensify as the global risk of flooding increases. The control of flood disasters on the basin scale has always been an urgent problem to be solved that is firmly associated with the sustainable development of water resources. As important nonengineering measures for flood simulation and flood control, the hydrological and hydraulic models have been widely applied in recent decades. In our study, on the basis of sufficient remote-sensing and hydrological data, a hydrological (Xin’anjiang (XAJ)) and a two-dimensional hydraulic (2D) model were constructed to simulate flood events and provide support for basin flood management. In the Chengcun basin, the two models were applied, and the model parameters were calibrated by the parameter estimation (PEST) automatic calibration algorithm in combination with the measured data of 10 typical flood events from 1990 to 1996. Results show that the two models performed well in the Chengcun basin. The average Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percentage error of peak discharge (PE), and percentage error of flood volume (RE) were 0.79, 16.55%, and 18.27%, respectively, for the XAJ model, and those values were 0.76, 12.83%, and 11.03% for 2D model. These results indicate that the models had high accuracy, and hydrological and hydraulic models both had good application performance in the Chengcun basin. The study can a provide decision-making basis and theoretical support for flood simulation, and the formulation of flood control and disaster mitigation measures in the basin.

Research on Downstream Safety Risk Warning Model for Small Reservoirs Based on Granger Probabilistic Radial Basis Function Neural Network

“…Bui [22] combined PSO with an extreme learning machine to construct a spatial prediction model of flash flood risk based on 12 flash flood indicators and 654 floods as data in the northwestern region of Vietnam. Xu [23] constructed an XAJ model and a two-dimensional model based on remotely sensed hydrological data simulating flood events to support watershed flood management. Data-driven methods are also applied to peak flood prediction; e.g., Bahramian [24] used an event-based flood model to construct a short-term peak flood prediction model based on a soil moisture estimation method, and Al-Amri [25] simulated the reasonable model parameters by ternary lognormal distribution and estimated the peak flow and runoff better and quantified the uncertainty of the flood peak by Monte Carlo procedure.…”

Hydraulic Planning in Insular Urban Territories: The Case of Madeira Island—Ribeira Brava, Tabua

“…Additionally, the hydrological dynamics of floodplains, rivers, and coastal regions can be influenced by processes that are both natural and of a human-induced nature, which ends up altering aspects such as surface runoff and water infiltration processes [19]. Thus, one can find in floods one of the biggest challenges that humanity will have to face in the near future, especially because of their huge destructive capacity [39,40]. In fact, as the climate in recent years has already been affected by climate change, extreme flood events' frequency has increased, which can be interpreted as a clear and significant threat to humanity [39,41,42].…”

“…Thus, one can find in floods one of the biggest challenges that humanity will have to face in the near future, especially because of their huge destructive capacity [39,40]. In fact, as the climate in recent years has already been affected by climate change, extreme flood events' frequency has increased, which can be interpreted as a clear and significant threat to humanity [39,41,42].…”