Application of remote sensing and GIS in sinuosity and river shifting analysis of the Ganges River in Uttarakhand plains

Dhari, Saba; Arya, D. S.; Murumkar, Asmita

doi:10.1007/s12518-014-0147-7

Cited by 31 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Generally, the upper and lower reaches of the channel is migrating eastwards whereas, the upper mid-section is observed to move westwards during the combined 30year assessment period. This multidirectional shifting behavior is common in rivers within tropic regions like the Ganga [32] and is attributed to the varied weaknesses of the channel banks at different sections of the channel. As the East bank of the Nun succumbs to erosion since it is observed to be more unstable than the west bank, the overall migration trend of the river channel is seen to be shifting eastward; this puts all flood protection structures on the east bank under high flood risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Planform Dynamics along Distributary Channels: Case Study of the River Nun a Major Distributary of the River Niger

Akana¹,

Adeigbe

2019

JGEESI

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Channel planform dynamics were analyzed for the River Nun; a major distributary of the River Niger from 1985 to 2015 using GIS and Remote sensing applications. Satellite imagery of the area from 1985, 1995, 2005, and 2015 were analyzed by means of GIS and used to determine the planform characteristics and changes in width, sinuosity, and shoreline migration rates. The channel planform dynamics were determined by comparing sequential changes in the position of the shorelines in these years. Sinuosity adjustments during the study were small and range between 1.74–1.76. The initial sinuosity (1.74 in 1985) increased to 1.75 in 1995 and then increased to 1.76 in 2015. Channel expansion is observed to be the dominant planform process, owing to periodic floods within the study area. The river’s channel width barely expanded from 1985 to 1995 (by 0.1 %). However, there is a constant increase in expansion within the study years that by 2005-2015 expansion had increased to 9%. The bank erosion was prevalent. Mean erosion rates ranged from 0.7 m/year in 20 years (1985-2005) to 2m/year in 30 years (1985-2015). In the 1st 10 years (1985-1995) less than 0.1 m of deposition was observed. The mean erosion rates ranged from 1.3 to 1.6 m/year on the left side and 2.8 to 3.8 m/year on the right side of the channel. Mean accretion rates of 1.2 m/year on the left side and 1.8 m/year on the right side were observed. The channel is observed to move generally towards the east (right).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Planform Dynamics along Distributary Channels: Case Study of the River Nun a Major Distributary of the River Niger

Akana¹,

Adeigbe

2019

JGEESI

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“…River shifting can be measured in two ways around the world. Specifically, the transect and polygon approaches (Dhari et al, 2015). However, in this investigation, transect procedures were employed.…”

Section: Change Of Neck Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characteristics and changes in the Upper Reach Gumara River in Ethiopia from 1957 to 2020

Melsse

Tegegne

Zewudu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Human intervention with the natural landscape, including various river systems, is increasing in most parts of our country due to population growth and their infinite demand. As a result of this, the river system was jeopardized, causing irreversible damage to the socioeconomic and infrastructural systems. Morphological characterization and change evaluation of rivers are essential prerequisites for investigating their historical evolution and making reasonable estimates about how rivers might adapt to changing natural conditions and increasing anthropogenic impacts. This study focuses on the upper reach of the Gumara River along a 47.336 km stretch because it is a highly meandering and dynamic fluvial system with minor natural and anthropogenic influences that harm living and nonliving things around the flow path. We use satellite images as a data source, and the study reach was divided into six sections based on the waterway geometry and various forms of human intervention along the river, for detailed river morphological characterization and change detection, and to know the disturbance that facilitates the change in sub reach. In addition to satellite imagery, field observations, informal interviews with local indigenous people, laboratory analysis of bank material, and Meteorological and Hydrological data were used. The primary goal of this study was to assess the Morphological Characteristics and Change of the Upper Reach Gumara River over a 64-year period in Tana Basin, Ethiopia. Image analysis software (ERDAS Imagine 2015 and Arc GIS 10.5) was used for data preparation and analysis, and to characterize and detect the change of study reach, various morphometric parameters such as Sinuosity index, braided index, River center line, actual River length, river width, meander neck length, and River area were determined. From the entire period of 64 years of sinuosity index analysis, the sinuosity was increased by 5.49%. The section between five and six had a 63% reduction in neck length. Over a 64-year period, the overall width increased by 0.348 m per year. All of the morphometric parameter results and social information show that the upper reach of the Gumara River was dynamically changed and disrupted the surrounding socioeconomic system, implying that critical measurements should be designed and implemented.

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“…All the tributaries of river Teesta bring with it a huge amount of sediment load (Richards et al, 2021) as they flow down from the Himalayas and deposit its load at the confluence area of Teesta-Dharala River. Numerous factors, such as mainstream morphology in terms of river width changes, the sinuosity index, braiding trends (Chakraborty and Mukhopadhyay, 2014; Laha and Bandyopadhyay, 2013; Dey and Mondal, 2019), discharge variability, sediment transport, slope, channel obstacle, vegetation cover, bank stability, bedrock nature, construction of short-length bridges, and floods have an impact on channel behaviour (Dhari et al, 2015;Dey and Mondal, 2019). Sediments are deposited on the convex side of a river bank while severe erosion can be observed on the concave side of the river which leads to river bank failure and flooding in the riverine areas (Afreen, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unstable Behavioural Pattern of Teesta River and its Impact on Riverine Dwellers: A Case Study of Confluence Area of Teesta and Dharala River, India

Das¹,

Parveen²,

Ghosh³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The power of the river does not always work to the benefit of living things; rather, it has the ability to destroy human society and has negative effects on the environment. River Teesta has a prodigious significance on the riverine dweller and its changing precarious behaviour has repercussions on the lives of millions. Utilizing satellite images and 41 years of temporal analysis, the mapping of channel extraction and channel shifting has been demonstrated. Delineating the exact channel boundary is a laborious operation, but MNDWI technique is really valuable in this situation to produce valuable results. Descriptive statistics are used to analyze the Teesta River's active flow line migration trend and channel migration behaviour. A particular river's oscillating character over time has both beneficial and detrimental power, destroying important resources for environmental sustainability and human society while also providing fertile mother earth as a source of wealth. As a result, another goal of the current study was to determine how vulnerable riverine residents were. A livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) based on the riverine inhabitants' exposure, sensitivity, and capacity for adaptation was created. According to the findings, the river's erratic behaviour is putting the people who live beside it in danger. Therefore, it is vitally necessary to implement a capable management strategy to stop bank failure at the Teesta-Dharala confluence in order to save the riverine residents.

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Application of remote sensing and GIS in sinuosity and river shifting analysis of the Ganges River in Uttarakhand plains

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Channel Planform Dynamics along Distributary Channels: Case Study of the River Nun a Major Distributary of the River Niger

Channel Planform Dynamics along Distributary Channels: Case Study of the River Nun a Major Distributary of the River Niger

Morphological characteristics and changes in the Upper Reach Gumara River in Ethiopia from 1957 to 2020

Unstable Behavioural Pattern of Teesta River and its Impact on Riverine Dwellers: A Case Study of Confluence Area of Teesta and Dharala River, India

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