Application of real-time PCR for the detection of Strongyloides spp. in clinical samples in a reference center in Spain

Saugar, José María; Merino, F.; Martín‐Rabadán, Pablo; Fernández‐Soto, Pedro; Ortega, Sergio; Gárate, Teresa; Rodríguez, Esperanza

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.10.020

Cited by 61 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In a previous study, the sensitivity and specificity of a real-time PCR method detecting the 18S rRNA gene of S. stercoralis were determined in comparison with agar plate culture, formalin ethyl acetate, and Harada Mori microscopy techniques. Analysis of 231 stool samples from patients at risk of strongyloidiasis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR were 93.8% and 86.5%, respectively (25). In another similar study, the 18S rRNA gene of S. stercoralis was investigated by real-time and conventional PCR and compared with other parasitological methods such as the Lutz method, Rugai method, and agar-plate culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of immunocompromised patients at risk of strongyloidiasis in western Turkey using ELISA and real-time PCR

et al. 2017

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Background/aim: Strongyloides stercoralis causes life-threatening hyperinfection or disseminated strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised patients such as HIV-positive, organ transplantation, and cancer patients. This study investigated the presence of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised patients for the first time in Turkey.Materials and methods: Serum and stool samples were collected from 108 patients (25.9% of them were chronic renal failure and 74.1% were renal transplantation patients) who were admitted to Ege University Medical School in İzmir, located in western Turkey. Serum samples were analyzed by ELISA (DRG, Germany) and the presence of 18S rRNA gene of S. stercoralis was detected in stool samples by real-time PCR. Results:The analysis of serum samples showed that only one patient was anti-S. stercoralis IgG antibody and real-time PCR positive (0.92%). The patient was treated twice with albendazole (400 mg/day for 3 days) at 2-week intervals. Follow up real-time PCR was negative and the patient became seronegative 6 months after the initial diagnosis. Conclusion:This screening showed that the prevalence of strongyloidiasis in this small group of patients who were at risk of strongyloidiasis was 0.92%. Overall, the results showed that more systematic studies are required in Turkey to show the prevalence of strongyloidiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of immunocompromised patients at risk of strongyloidiasis in western Turkey using ELISA and real-time PCR

et al. 2017

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“…No PCR studies have reported false positive results when analytical specificity has been tested using DNA extracted from bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and other helminths 19,23,24,27,29,30 . Studies have also assessed the specificity of the PCR products by sequence analysis, with all finding 100% sequence homology with the target sequence of S. stercoralis.…”

Section: Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have also assessed the specificity of the PCR products by sequence analysis, with all finding 100% sequence homology with the target sequence of S. stercoralis. 24,25,27,29 . Sitta et al found a number of false positives, using published genus and species-specific primers, based on non-target sized bands on gel electrophoresis 19,25 .…”

Section: Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methods that concentrate larger amounts of stool prior to DNA extraction have the potential to increase test sensitivity, if they remove inhibitors and retain larvae 29 .…”

Section: Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the 18S rRNA small subunit (SSU); the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS-1); the 28S rRNA gene; or the cyclooxygenase gene (cox1) 19,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][32][33][34][35][36][37] . Published sensitivities and specificities for…”

Section: Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The laboratory diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis

Watts¹,

Robertson²,

Bradbury

2016

Microbiol. Aust.

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It is estimated that over 30million people worldwide are infected by the nematode, Strongyloides stercoralis1. It is endemic in sub-tropical and tropical parts of Australia, with high rates of infection documented in some indigenous communities2. Due to the potential for chronic autoinfection, that may persist for decades, migration leads to the presence of the infection in non-endemic areas1. Transmission to humans is generally through the penetration of larvae through the skin, following contact with faecally contaminated soil1. Disease severity ranges from asymptomatic chronic carriage to an overwhelming illness, where large numbers spread throughout the body, usually triggered by immunosuppression1.

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Prevalence and public health relevance of enteric parasites in domestic dogs and cats in the region of Madrid (Spain) with an emphasis on Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium sp.

Mateo,

Montoya,

Bailo

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundPet dogs and cats exert an unquestionable beneficial effect in the well‐being of their owners, but can also act as a source of zoonotic infections if improperly cared.ObjectivesWe investigated the occurrence, risk factors, genetic variability and zoonotic potential of intestinal parasites in dogs and cats attended in a clinical veterinary setting in Spain.MethodsCanine (n = 252) and feline (n = 35) faecal samples were collected during 2017–2019 and analysed by coproparasitological methods. A rapid lateral immunochromatographic test (ICT) was used for detecting Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium sp. Samples positive at microscopy examination and/or ICT were reassessed by molecular methods.ResultsOverall, 48.8% (123/252) of dogs and 48.6% (17/35) of cats were infected by enteric parasites. In dogs, G. duodenalis was the most prevalent species (40.9%), followed by Cystoisospora sp. (7.1%), and Toxocara canis (5.2%). In cats, Joyeuxiella sp. and Toxocara cati were the dominant species (20.0% each), followed by G. duodenalis (14.3%), D. caninum (5.7%) and Cystoisospora felis and Toxascaris leonina (2.9% each). Pups and kittens were more likely to harbour intestinal parasites and develop clinical signs. Sequence analyses of dog isolates revealed the presence of assemblages A (n = 1), C (n = 4), D (n = 4) and C+D (n = 1) within G. duodenalis; C. parvum (n = 1) and C. canis (n = 4) within Cryptosporidium and PtEb IX (n = 1) in Enterocytozoon bieneusi. A novel C. canis subtype family, named XXi, is reported.ConclusionsOur results highlight that (i) well‐cared dogs carry zoonotic enteric protozoan parasites of public health relevance, (ii) proper hygiene practices and routine veterinary treatment are essential to prevent zoonotic infections, (iii) vulnerable populations should avoid contact with pups/kittens with diarrhoea and (iv) infected dogs might be major contributors to the environmental contamination with soil‐transmitted helminths (STHs) eggs.

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Application of real-time PCR for the detection of Strongyloides spp. in clinical samples in a reference center in Spain

Cited by 61 publications

References 24 publications

Screening of immunocompromised patients at risk of strongyloidiasis in western Turkey using ELISA and real-time PCR

Screening of immunocompromised patients at risk of strongyloidiasis in western Turkey using ELISA and real-time PCR

The laboratory diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis

Prevalence and public health relevance of enteric parasites in domestic dogs and cats in the region of Madrid (Spain) with an emphasis on Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium sp.

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