Application of Quinoline Ring in Structural Modification of Natural Products

Abstract

Natural compounds are rich in pharmacological properties that are a hot topic in pharmaceutical research. The quinoline ring plays important roles in many biological processes in heterocycles. Many pharmacological compounds, including saquinavir and chloroquine, have been marketed as quinoline molecules with good anti-viral and anti-parasitic properties. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the medicinal chemistry of quinoline-modified natural product quinoline derivatives that were developed by several research teams in the past 10 years and find that these compounds have inhibitory effects on bacteria, viruses, parasites, inflammation, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and others.

Recent advancement in the synthesis of quinoline derivatives via multicomponent reactions

“…However, the quinoline structure is also a crucial building block for many natural products, serving as a fundamental framework in medicinal chemistry. 7,8 A quinoline ring is typically found in numerous synthetic antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs, and natural substances with potent properties in inhibiting the growth of parasites 9–13 such as quinine, chloroquine and amodiaquine have been employed in the treatment of malaria. Certain quinoline derivatives have demonstrated antibacterial properties, particularly against Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the causative agent of tuberculosis.…”

Quinoline Derivatives in Discovery and Development of Pesticides

“…Quinolines are unique natural alkaloids that are widely found in plants, marine organisms and microorganisms. − A number of quinoline alkaloids with excellent biological activity have been commercialized (Figure ), such as quinine, camptothecin, , and berberine. − Quinoline is a bicyclic scaffold structure composed of a benzene ring and a pyridine ring. , Quinoline has many isomers or analogues (Figure ), such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline, decahydroquinoline, quinolin-4­(1 H )-one, quinolin-4­(3 H )-one, quinolin-2­(1 H )-one, 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2­(1 H )-one, isoquinoline, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline, decahydroisoquinoline, isoquinolin-4­(1 H )-one, isoquinolin-1­(2 H )-one, 2,3-dihydroisoquinolin-4­(1 H )-one, 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1­(2 H )-one, 1,4-dihydroisoquinolin-3­(2 H )-one, and isoquinolin-3­(4 H )-one . The rich structure types and broad-spectrum biological activities greatly increase the flexibility of quinoline structure modification and derivatization and provide great potential for the discovery of new novel pesticides. − …”

Synthesis, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Studies of New 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Derivatives Linked to Benzoquinoline

“…On the other hand, quinoline is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring with significant biological and pharmacological applications. [25][26][27] Current biological breakthroughs related to quinoline and its derivatives have included antimicrobial, [28] antioxidant, [29] anti-inflammatory, [30,31] and anti-Alzheimer. [32] One of the most important biological properties of quinoline is its anticancer activity.…”