Application of porous membrane protected micro-solid-phase-extraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the determination of estrogens in ovarian cyst fluid samples

Stir-bar supported micro-solid-phase extraction for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in serum samples

“…Third factor is related to packing of sorbent above than a certain amount into -SPE envelope that makes the device too large to fit in desorption vial. Such device will not immerse completely in solvent and results in poor desorption [14]. Since, 25 mg of C 18 occupies very less space compared to 25 mg of CNTs.…”

“…Since then, -SPE has been extensively used in environmental [11,12], biological [13,14] and food [15,16] analysis. This approach involves packing of small quantity of sorbent material inside a porous membrane, whose ends are heat sealed.…”

Advances in organic–inorganic hybrid sorbents for the extraction of organic and inorganic pollutants in different types of food and environmental samples

“…In addition, it can also reduce the extraction time by improving the sample handling. It is a suitable sample cleanup in extracting analytes in complex samples for example biological , milk , wastewater , and many more samples .…”

Sol–gel-based silver nanoparticles-doped silica – Polydiphenylamine nanocomposite for micro-solid-phase extraction

“…Numerous methods such as dispersive micro-solid phase extraction [15], membrane-assisted solvent extraction [16], microwave-micro solid phase extraction [17], stir bar sorptive extraction [18], matrix solid phase dispersion [19], vortex-assistedbased demulsified dispersive LLME [20] and direct immersion or headspace solid phase micro extraction [21,22], have been reported for determination of trace residues and contaminants in water samples. Among these methods, µ-SPE is a suitable technique that could be applicable to a range of different matrixes, such as wastewater, biological fluids and sewage sludge [23,24]. The use of adsorbents with different shape, size and hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties, the µ-SPE may be used to selectively adsorb some specific compounds [19].…”