“…The 3-carene was major constitute in mango among other constitutes e.g. acetic, butyric and hexanoic acids; and ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate (Ghatak et al, 2018). Thirteen volatiles components were reported in mango using GCMS e.g.…”
The agricultural sector is an essential source of income and food for humans. Fruits are important sources of nutrients, vitamins, essential elements, and as well as the source of income for humans. Volatile components make the aroma of fruit and fruit species and cultivars. However, the knowledge and information about volatile components or volatile profiles are essential, because these aroma components make fruit delicious to humans and as well as attract or repel insect pests. And the identification of volatile components from fruits is very important to a better understanding of the impact of climatic conditions. To the best authors knowledge, in this study, we reported the first time volatile profile of unidentified cultivar of mango (Mangifera indica L. Hanana Datai Nong Mang), guava (Psidium guajava Linn. China Pear), and banana (Musa acuminata L. Dwarf banana or Fen Jiao) fruits and these fruits are commercially selling and growing in China. The Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and porapak Q coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) were used to identify the volatile profiles of each fruit cultivar. A total of 10, 15, and 23 volatile components/compounds were identified from mango, guava, and banana fruits, respectively. The major constitution of volatile components obtained from mango, guava, and banana was 3-carene, caryophyllene, and cycloheptasiloxane, tetradecamethyl- .
“…The 3-carene was major constitute in mango among other constitutes e.g. acetic, butyric and hexanoic acids; and ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate (Ghatak et al, 2018). Thirteen volatiles components were reported in mango using GCMS e.g.…”
The agricultural sector is an essential source of income and food for humans. Fruits are important sources of nutrients, vitamins, essential elements, and as well as the source of income for humans. Volatile components make the aroma of fruit and fruit species and cultivars. However, the knowledge and information about volatile components or volatile profiles are essential, because these aroma components make fruit delicious to humans and as well as attract or repel insect pests. And the identification of volatile components from fruits is very important to a better understanding of the impact of climatic conditions. To the best authors knowledge, in this study, we reported the first time volatile profile of unidentified cultivar of mango (Mangifera indica L. Hanana Datai Nong Mang), guava (Psidium guajava Linn. China Pear), and banana (Musa acuminata L. Dwarf banana or Fen Jiao) fruits and these fruits are commercially selling and growing in China. The Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and porapak Q coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) were used to identify the volatile profiles of each fruit cultivar. A total of 10, 15, and 23 volatile components/compounds were identified from mango, guava, and banana fruits, respectively. The major constitution of volatile components obtained from mango, guava, and banana was 3-carene, caryophyllene, and cycloheptasiloxane, tetradecamethyl- .
“…The limonene MIP-QCM sensor was not selective in their array. Still on terpenes originated by mango Ghatak et al, [ 97 ] developed similar MIP-QCM for a marker of Mangifera indica L variety. The GS detected 3-carene in the 5 ppm to 1000 ppm range, with a selectivity factor of 91%.…”
Section: Peptides Dna and Mips As Sensing Elementsmentioning
Detection and monitoring of volatiles is a challenging and fascinating issue in environmental analysis, agriculture and food quality, process control in industry, as well as in ‘point of care’ diagnostics. Gas chromatographic approaches remain the reference method for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs); however, gas sensors (GSs), with their advantages of low cost and no or very little sample preparation, have become a reality. Gas sensors can be used singularly or in array format (e.g., e-noses); coupling data output with multivariate statical treatment allows un-target analysis of samples headspace. Within this frame, the use of new binding elements as recognition/interaction elements in gas sensing is a challenging hot-topic that allowed unexpected advancement. In this review, the latest development of gas sensors and gas sensor arrays, realized using peptides, molecularly imprinted polymers and DNA is reported. This work is focused on the description of the strategies used for the GSs development, the sensing elements function, the sensors array set-up, and the application in real cases.
“…Although the toxicity of formazan is relatively low, studies have shown that there are multiple potential harms from exposure to formazan. Currently, methods for the detection of agrochemical pollutants in fruits and vegetables include gas chromatography ( Girard et al, 2021 ), high-performance liquid chromatography ( Wei et al, 2021 ), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( Ghatak et al, 2018 ), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ( Ye et al, 2020 ). Although these analytical techniques have good sensitivity for the quantitative detection of chemical pollutants, they still have shortcomings such as the inability to real-time monitoring, complicated operations, and cumbersome sampling process ( Bereli et al, 2021 ).…”
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has attracted much attention because of its high sensitivity, high speed, and simple sample processing, and has great potential for application in the field of pesticide residue detection. However, SERS is susceptible to the influence of a complex detection environment in the detection of pesticide residues on the surface of fruits, facing problems such as interference from the spectral peaks of detected impurities, unclear dimension of effective correlation data, and poor linearity of sensing signals. In this work, the enhanced raw data of the pesticide thiram residues on the fruit surface using gold nanoparticle (Au-NPs) solution are formed into the raw data set of Raman signal in the IoT environment of Raman spectroscopy principal component detection. Considering the non-linear characteristics of sensing data, this work adopts kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) including radial basis function (RBF) to extract the main features for the spectra in the ranges of 653∼683 cm−1, 705∼728 cm−1, and 847∼872 cm−1, and discusses the effects of different kernel function widths (σ) to construct a qualitative analysis of pesticide residues based on SERS spectral data model, so that the SERS spectral data produce more useful dimensionality reduction with minimal loss, higher mean squared error for cross-validation in non-linear scenarios, and effectively weaken the interference features of detecting impurity spectral peaks, unclear dimensionality of effective correlation data, and poor linearity of sensing signals, reflecting better extraction effects than conventional principal component analysis (PCA) models.
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