Application of photobiomodulation therapy in the recovery of a fracture model in different countries: a concise review

Abstract

The bone is a dynamic biological tissue composed of metabolically active cells which are integrated into a hard framework. However, it can be injured due to trauma or infections and this can result in bone defects. Hence, bone generation or bone healing has been an interesting field of orthopedics and has been the subject of multiple studies. As a result, various substances which promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis have been identified, but their mechanism of action has not yet been completely elucidated. Owing to its anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects, photobiomodulation (PBM) has been proposed in the treatment of various disease conditions. Specifically, in orthopedics, multiple studies have been conducted to treat bone generation or bone union using PBM. The clinical improvement of bone healing as well as various substances and mechanisms of osteogenesis and angiogenesis by PBM have been identified although the mechanism of action is not fully understood. This review summarizes the published reports on the bone healing effects of PBM treatment in fracture sites.