Application of phosphite in a high-volume foliar spray delays and reduces the rate of mortality of four<i>Banksia</i>species infected with<i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>

Shearer, B. L.; Fairman, R. G.

doi:10.1071/ap07033

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…At this stage, the only chemical that is available to stop the spread of this major threat to biodiversity in south-western Australia in phosphite (=phosphonate) (Fairbanks et al 2000;Shearer et al 2009;Shearer and Fairman 2007).…”

Section: Ecological Consequences Of Functional Plant Diversity In Ocbilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Management practices that enhance the availability of nutrients, e.g., high fire frequency (Fisher et al 2006), or frequent applications of phosphite (Shearer and Fairman 2007), which is microbially converted into phosphate in soil (Adams and Conrad 1953), will decrease the competitive ability of species adapted to severely impoverished sites and allow invasion of weeds without specialised adaptations (Fisher et al 2009). Competition for soil nutrient is likely to be more intense than elsewhere, especially in periods following severe disturbance.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant mineral nutrition in ancient landscapes: high plant species diversity on infertile soils is linked to functional diversity for nutritional strategies

et al. 2010

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Ancient landscapes, which have not been glaciated in recent times or disturbed by other major catastrophic events such as volcanic eruptions, are dominated by nutrient-impoverished soils. If these parts of the world have had a relatively stable climate, due to buffering by oceans, their floras tend to be very biodiverse. This review compares the functional ecophysiological plant traits that dominate in old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILS) with those commonly found in young, frequently disturbed, fertile landscapes (YODFELs). We show that, within the OCBILs of Western Australia, nonmycorrhizal species with specialised root clusters predominantly occur on the most phosphateimpoverished soils, where they co-occur with mycorrhizal species without such specialised root clusters. In global comparisons, we show that plants in OCBILs, especially in Western Australia, are characterised by very low leaf phosphorus (P) concentrations, very high N:P ratios, and very high LMA values (LMA = leaf mass per unit leaf area). In addition, we show that species in OCBILs are far more likely to show P-toxicity symptoms when exposed to slightly elevated soil P levels when compared with plants in YODFELs. In addition, some species in OCBILs exhibit a remarkable P-resorption proficiency, with some plants in Western Australia achieving leaf P concentrations in recently shed leaves that are lower than ever reported before. We discuss how this knowledge on functional traits can guide us towards sustainable management of ancient landscapes.

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Section: Ecological Consequences Of Functional Plant Diversity In Ocbilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant mineral nutrition in ancient landscapes: high plant species diversity on infertile soils is linked to functional diversity for nutritional strategies

et al. 2010

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“…Phosphite, also called phosphonate or phosphonic acid salt (H 3 PO 3 ), did show a good control activity on Phytophthora species and very interesting direct and indirect protective effects on plants [12]. Better results in reducing Phytophthora infection were obtained by trunk injection [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and foliar spray [20][21][22][23][24]. This chemical was chosen here for its known capacity to reduce the impact of Phytophthora infections and was then used as a positive control to be compared to the treatments with biological antagonists.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol Endotherapy with Trichoderma spp. and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against Phytophthora spp.: A Comparative Study with Phosphite Treatment on Quercus robur and Fagus sylvatica

Berger¹,

Czarnocka²,

Cochard³

et al. 2015

JAST-A

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Phytophthora species are particularly aggressive plant pathogens and are often associated with the decline of many tree species, including oak and beech. Several fungi and bacteria species are known as potential antagonists usable as biological control agents. Phosphonate (H 3 PO 3 ), commonly branded as phosphite, has also been used in the past years to protect trees against invasive Phytophthora spp.. This study aimed at comparing the effects of selected antagonist microorganisms and phosphonate, when applied by microinjection or leaf treatment. Antagonistic species were first selected for their high inhibitory activity against problematic Phytophthora species, such as Phytophthora cactorum, P. quercina and P. plurivora attacking Quercus robur and Fagus sylvatica in Polish forests. Three endophytic species Trichoderma atroviride (two strains), T. harzianum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens showed a high control activity, and their efficacy was then assessed in comparison with a phosphonate treatment. Two application methods were experimented in this study: injection of a solution of spores or phosphonate into the sap vessels of beech or a foliar treatment on oak. Phosphonate and two strains of Trichoderma significantly reduced the necrotic area on oak leaves inoculated with P. plurivora and one strain of T. atroviride significantly reduced necrotic areas on beech branches. These results are therefore promising of a novel way to control Phytophthora spp. in forest stands and nurseries.

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“…(Barchietto 1992;Wilkinson et al 2001;Daniel and Guest 2006). There is also uncertainty about its ability to provide protection to some common species (including some present at site 1; Shearer and Fairman 2007;, and phosphite protected plants mask the presence of the pathogen while still producing infective stages (Shearer and Fairman 2007). Isolates of P. cinnamomi from sites with prolonged phosphite use can be less sensitive to phosphite in planta (Dobrowolski et al 2008).…”

Section: Controlling the Pathogen In Field Trialsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Containment and spot eradication of a highly destructive, invasive plant pathogen (Phytophthora cinnamomi) in natural ecosystems

Dunstan

Rudman²,

Shearer³

et al. 2009

Biol Invasions

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The invasive plant pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi (Stramenopila, Oomycota) has been introduced into 15 of the 25 global biodiversity hotspots, threatening susceptible rare flora and degrading plant communities with severe consequences for fauna. We developed protocols to contain or eradicate P. cinnamomi from spot infestations in threatened ecosystems based on two assumptions: in the absence of living hosts, P. cinnamomi is a weakly competitive saprotroph; and in the ecosystems we treated, the transmission of the pathogen occurs mainly by root-toroot contact. At two P. cinnamomi-infested sites differing in climate and vegetation types, we applied increasingly robust treatments including vegetation (host) destruction, fungicides, fumigation and physical root barriers. P. cinnamomi was not recovered at three assessments of treated plots 6-9 months after treatments. Given the high rates of recovery of P. cinnamomi from untreated infested soil and the sampling frequency, the probability of failing to detect P. cinnamomi in treated soil was \0.0003. The methods described have application in containing large infestations, eradicating small infestations and protecting remnant populations of threatened species.

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Application of phosphite in a high-volume foliar spray delays and reduces the rate of mortality of fourBanksiaspecies infected withPhytophthora cinnamomi

Cited by 30 publications

References 52 publications

Plant mineral nutrition in ancient landscapes: high plant species diversity on infertile soils is linked to functional diversity for nutritional strategies

Plant mineral nutrition in ancient landscapes: high plant species diversity on infertile soils is linked to functional diversity for nutritional strategies

Biocontrol Endotherapy with Trichoderma spp. and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against Phytophthora spp.: A Comparative Study with Phosphite Treatment on Quercus robur and Fagus sylvatica

Containment and spot eradication of a highly destructive, invasive plant pathogen (Phytophthora cinnamomi) in natural ecosystems

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