Application of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Chemical Fingerprinting in Oil Spill Investigations––Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Barakat, Assem O.; Mostafa, Alaa R.; Qian, Yongchang; Kennicutt, Mahlon C.

doi:10.1016/s1353-2561(02)00039-7

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The PAHs consist primarily of five families of compounds: naphthalenes, fluorenes, phenanthrenes, dibenzothiophenes, and chrysenes, each consisting of an un-substituted or parent compound and a series of alkylated compounds. Generally, the degree of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation decreases with increasing ring size; and within a homologous series, decreases with increasing alkylation (Barakat et al 2002;Wang and Fingas 2003). Major compositional changes of PAHs observed in this paper are consistent with previous studies (Wang and Fingas 2003;Asif et al 2009).…”

Section: Distributions Of Pahssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The results are also similar to those of previous study, which showed that C 30 17a, 21b(H)-hopane and its extended homologs (homohopanes) are biodegraded in the environment and laboratory (Peters and Moldowan 1991;Moldowan et al 1995). In general, terpane and sterane biomarkers are more resistant to degradation than n-alkanes, isoprenoids (Barakat et al 2002). This phenomenon was also observed for biomarker maturation of the crude oils from Liaohe basin (Bao and Zhu 2008).…”

Section: Terpanes and Steranessupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Barakat et al 2002;Wang and Fingas 2003), some PAHs ratios have been used as weathering indicators of varying sensitivity for different stages in the weathering process. Table 4 shows that the 4-methyldibenzothiophene/1-methyldibenzothiophene (4-/ 1-m-DBT), C 2 -chrysenes/C 2 -phenanthrenes (C 2 -C/C 2 -P), C 2 -dibenzothiophenes/C 2 -phenanthrenes (C 2 -D/C 2 -P), C 3 -dibenzothiophenes/C 3 -phenanthrenes (C 3 -D/C 3 -P), and P phenanthrenes/ P dibenzothiophenes ( P P/ P D) ratios in the spilled oil were essentially the same as that of the reference oil.…”

Section: Distributions Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the diagnostic ratios for the identification of spilled oils after biodegradation

et al. 2012

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Biodegradation, one of the most important weathering processes, alters the composition of spilled oil, making it difficult to identify the source of the release and to monitor its fate in the environment. A laboratory experiment was conducted to simulate oil spill weathering process of microbial degradation to investigate compositional changes in a range of source-and weatheringdependent molecular parameters in oil residues, and the conventional diagnostic ratios for oil spill identification were also evaluated. The conventional diagnostic ratios of n-alkane displayed obvious changes after biodegradation, especially for Pr/n-C 17 and Ph/n-C 18 with relative standard deviation more than 118.84 %, which suggests they are invalid for oil source identification of the middle-serious spill. Many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are more resistant to biodegradation process than their saturated hydrocarbon counterparts, thus making PAHs to be one of the most valuable fingerprinting classes of hydrocarbons for oil identification. Biomarker ratios of hopanes and steranes were also useful for source identification even after moderate biodegradation, and the diagnostic ratios from them could be used in tracking origin and sources of hydrocarbon pollution. Finally, the carbon isotopic type curve may provide another diagnostic means for correlation and differentiation of spilled oils, and be particularly valuable for lighter refined products or severely biodegraded oils, the source of which may be difficult to identify by routine biomarker techniques.

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Section: Distributions Of Pahssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Terpanes and Steranessupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Distributions Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the diagnostic ratios for the identification of spilled oils after biodegradation

et al. 2012

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“…In general, because they are high molecular weight organic compounds, hopane and sterane biomarkers are more resistant to degradation than n-alkanes and isoprenoids (Barakat et al, 2002;Suneel et al, 2013). In this work, the influence of the weathering process on the oils' C 31 S/(S + R) and C 32 S/(S + R) ratios are related to hopane and the C 27 /C 29 and C 29 bb/C 29 ratios are related to sterane, and are of interest because they own qualities that can be used to differentiate oil sources ( Table 3).…”

Section: Hopane Sterane and Pahs Fingerprintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC–MS analysis of two types of mixed oils, a comparison of composition and weathering patterns

Wang

Luo

2015

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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a b s t r a c tIn order to compare the effects of weathering on two types of mixed oil, simulated weathering experiments were performed. The first sample was a mixture of two fresh oils and the second sample was a mixture of one fresh oil and another oil sample that had undergone a serious weathering process. Comparative studies evaluated decay rates and changes in diagnostic ratios of some fingerprinting biomarkers. Results showed that the mixing process affected the weathering rate of some compounds in the oils and also that certain diagnostic ratios are more suitable for estimating mixing proportions. A Pr/n-C 17 versus Ph/n-C 18 plot can be used to identify the end-numbers of mixed oils and the (C 13 + C 14 )/(C 25 + C 26 ) ratio is a useful diagnostic ratio to detect the degree of weathering. Finally, hopane, sterane, and alkylated PAH fingerprints were found to give useful insights about the sources of the mixed oils.

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“…Once oil has been spilled into the environment, it is subjected to a variety of weathering processes, including evaporation, dissolution, photochemical oxidation, and microbial biodegradation (Garrett et al, 1998;Barakat et al, 2002;Wang and Fingas, 2003;D'Auria et al, 2009). The combined effects of weathering can strongly modify the fingerprints and parameters used to correlate the oil sample with its source on the basis of gas chromatograph (GC) and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source diagnostic and weathering indicators of oil spills utilizing bicyclic sesquiterpanes

Wang

et al. 2013

Acta Oceanol. Sin.

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Bicyclic Sesquiterpanes (BSs) are ubiquitous components of crude oils and ancient sediments. BSs in crude oils and diesel oil were identified and characterized, the effects of moderate weathering on BS distributions were discussed, and a methodology using diagnostic indices of BSs was developed for oil correlation and differentiation. The results showed that crude oils and oil products had different abundances and distributions of BSs and, consequently, resulted in different diagnostic ratios. The selected diagnostic ratio indices of BSs, such as BS4/BS5 (ratio of 4,4,8,9,9-pentamethyl-decahydronaphthalene to 8β (H)-drimane), BS6/BS5 (ratio of 4,4,9,9,10-pentamethyl-decahydronaphthalene to 8β (H)-drimane), BS8/BS9 (ratio of the second peak to the third peak of C 16 sequiterpane), and BS8/BS10 (ratio of C 16 sequiterpane to 8β (H)-homodrimane), still maintained better stabilities (%RSD < 5%) after weathering for 30 d. The longer weathering process (150 d) had some effect on such ratios (5% < %RSD < 10%). The facts of the uniqueness, abundance in petroleum, and chemical stability of BSs enable them to be suitable as an effective diagnostic means for identifying spilled oil with moderate weathering, particularly for lighter refined product samples that are difficult to identify by current techniques.

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Application of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Chemical Fingerprinting in Oil Spill Investigations––Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Cited by 45 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of the diagnostic ratios for the identification of spilled oils after biodegradation

Evaluation of the diagnostic ratios for the identification of spilled oils after biodegradation

GC–MS analysis of two types of mixed oils, a comparison of composition and weathering patterns

Source diagnostic and weathering indicators of oil spills utilizing bicyclic sesquiterpanes

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