Application of Pattern Recognition Techniques to Evaluate Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Distributions in Surficial Sediments from the Lower Passaic River and Newark Bay

Wenning, Richard J.; Harris, Mark Anglin; Finley, Brent L.; Paustenbach, Dennis J.; Bedbury, Hadley

doi:10.1006/eesa.1993.1011

Cited by 37 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The homologue and congener profiles of PCDD/Fs often are characteristic of pollutant sources and can be used to identify them [1,[17][18][19][20]. In the Xijiang River, the most obvious features are the high contribution of OCDD to the total PCDD/F concentration and the relatively low levels of PCDFs.…”

Section: Possible Sources Of Pcdd/fs In the Xijiang Rivermentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in water and suspended particulate matter from the Xijiang River, China

Yan-lin

Peng

et al. 2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Possible Sources Of Pcdd/fs In the Xijiang Rivermentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in water and suspended particulate matter from the Xijiang River, China

Yan-lin

Peng

et al. 2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…In the context of evaluating congener patterns of dioxin-like compounds, cluster analysis has been used to both group variables (congeners) [8,9] and observations (samples) [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Wenning et al [10] used both principal components analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis to identify five distinct sources in 19 samples collected from Newark Bay, New Jersey, USA. No source identifications were made; however, they concluded that the congener patterns in Newark Bay samples were different from those collected from a nearby former 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid manufacturing plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical cluster analysis of polychlorinated dioxins and furans in Michigan, USA, soils: Evaluation of industrial and background congener profiles

Towey

Chang

Demond

et al. 2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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As part of the University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study, soil samples were collected from 766 residential properties near the Tittabawassee River between Midland and Saginaw; near the Dow Chemical Facility in Midland; and, for comparison, in the other areas of Midland and Saginaw Counties and in Jackson and Calhoun Counties, all located in the state of Michigan, USA. A total of 2,081 soil samples were analyzed for 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). In order to better understand the distribution and sources of the PCDD/F congeners in the study area, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to statistically group samples with similar congener patterns. The analysis yielded a total of 13 clusters, including: 3 clusters among the soils impacted by contamination present in the Tittabawassee River sediments, a cluster comprised mainly of samples collected within the depositional area of the Dow incinerator complex, a small cluster of samples with elevated 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and several clusters exhibiting background patterns. The clusters related to the Tittabawassee River floodplain contamination all contained elevated PCDF levels and were differentiated from one another primarily by their relative concentrations of higher-chlorinated PCDDs, a difference likely related to both extent and timing of impacts from Tittabawassee sediments. The background clusters appear to be related to combustion processes and are differentiated, in part, by their relative fractions of TCDD. Thus, HCA was useful for identifying congener profile characteristics in both contaminated and background soil samples.

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“…The application of chemometrics to identify and distinguish chemical``fingerprint'' patterns has been an important tool to describe the similarities and differences among environmental samples. It provides a classification method for ascertaining the identity of samples and determining the most significant chemical constituents or physical attributes among different samples (Dunn et al, 1984;Stalling et al, 1985;Schwartz and Stalling, 1991;Wenning et al, 1993 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingerprinting PCB patterns among Mohawk women

Hwang

Yang

Fitzgerald

et al. 2001

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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This study examined the association of contaminated fish consumption and polychlorinated biphenyl ( PCB ) body burden by comparing the similarity of the congener pattern in yellow perch, caught near the point source of industrial pollution, and in other local fish to the pattern found in the breast milk of Mohawk women from Akwesasne, a Native American community located along the St. Lawrence River in New York, Ontario, and Quebec. The similarity is defined by the weighted Euclidean distance between two congener patterns. Ninety -seven Mohawk mothers participated and provided samples of breast milk. One hundred fifty -four nursing women from the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children ( WIC ) of Warren and Schoharie counties, New York, who gave birth during the same time period, were used as the comparison group. Results revealed that the breast milk of the Mohawk women, who ate the most local fish, had a congener pattern that more closely resembled that of perch caught near the waste site or average sampled fish caught in the Reserve than Mohawk women who ate less fish or the controls. The outcome demonstrates how PCBs may be``fingerprinted'' as they migrate offsite from industrial sources and ultimately result in human exposure.

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Application of Pattern Recognition Techniques to Evaluate Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Distributions in Surficial Sediments from the Lower Passaic River and Newark Bay

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in water and suspended particulate matter from the Xijiang River, China

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in water and suspended particulate matter from the Xijiang River, China

Hierarchical cluster analysis of polychlorinated dioxins and furans in Michigan, USA, soils: Evaluation of industrial and background congener profiles

Fingerprinting PCB patterns among Mohawk women

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