Application of optical frequency comb generation with controlled delay circuit for managing the high capacity network system

Ullah, Rahat; Liu, Bo; Mao, Yaya; Tian, Feng; Ali, Amjad; Ahmad, Ibrar; Khan, Muhammad Saad; Xin, Xiangjun

doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2018.07.025

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Over worldwide, around 9 % of all electricity is consumed for data transmission only [1][2], which needs to be considered. These things can be overcome using an OFC as a multichannel source [9][10][11]. There are other applications of OFC also: optical coherence tomography (OCT), high precision frequency metrology, to stabilize the electric fields underneath the pulse envelope, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12]. Periodic optical ultra-short pulse generation using mode-locked laser (MLL) [13][14], electro-optic modulators [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], Kerr nonlinearity [35][36] and micro-resonators [37][38] are some effective techniques to generate OFC. MLL sources generate periodic pulse train of femto-second pulse width by controlling the cavity parameters [13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross-phase modulation based ultra-flat 90-line optical frequency comb generation

2021

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This paper proposed an approach to design an evenly spaced, 1.8 THz spectrally broad and 1.6 dB flat optical frequency comb (OFC) by exploiting the cross-phase modulation in highly nonlinear fiber. The OFC is realized by controlling the phase of the signals in two parallelly placed highly nonlinear fibers. The frequency and line spacing of the OFC can be tuned by simply varying the periodicity and central wavelength of input electrical and optical signal, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-phase modulation based ultra-flat 90-line optical frequency comb generation

2021

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“…Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is a promising technology in which the huge bandwidth of an optical fiber is divided in to many non‐overlapping high speed channels, each one is called a wavelength ( w ) channel 1‐5 . The emerging technologies in the field of optical communications include optical frequency comb generation, 6‐8 network security, 9,10 advance modulation techniques, 11 and advance iterative modeling for good quality of service (QoS) 12‐16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An advanced iterative model for computing approximated blocking probabilities and measuring the quality of service in optical communication networks

Khan

Ali

Imtiaz

et al. 2021

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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Existing analytical models (EAMs) are used to find the quality of service of optical networks with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). However, the convergence of EAMs decreases with an increase in traffic load and the numbers of wavelength (w) channels. EAMs are used to compute approximated numerical values of blocking probabilities (BPs) which are based on an iterative approach. There are cases in EAMs when numerical BP values do not converge to a single point after numerous iterations. In this paper, the converge issues of EAMs have been addressed by considering a recursive approximation based on iterative approach with the convergence criteria which is called an advance approximated BP model (AABPM). The accuracy of the AABPM for WDM optical networks is examined by comparing with an EAM as well as simulation results which shows that AABPM converges to give similar approximated numerical values with less convergence time.

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“…In recent years, various methods and configurations are proposed for OFC generation [13]- [28]. The most common configurations used for generating OFC lines are: mode-locked lasers (MLL), recirculating frequency shifting (RFS) loop, and nonlinear effects in a highly nonlinear medium [13]- [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique can be explained in two parts: (i) the first one is based on the utilization of either intensity modulators (IMs) [19], [20], cascaded or parallel IMs [1], [21]- [23], phase modulators (PMs) [24]- [26], or polarization modulators [27]. (ii) the second one is based on the hybrid utilization of different modulators such as cascaded configuration of PM and IMs [28]. This method is widely and most commonly used to generate OFC lines due to its simple and cost-efficient structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Wide and Flattened Optical Frequency Comb Generation Based on Cascaded Phase Modulator and LiNbO3-MZM Offering Terahertz Bandwidth

Ullah

Zhang

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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In this paper, a new technique for generation of ultra-wide and flattened optical frequency comb (OFC) based on serial cascading of a phase modulator and dual-driven Lithium-Niobate Mach Zehnder modulator (DD-LiNbO 3-MZM) is proposed. Over 60 carriers were generated by carefully adjusting the RF switching voltage (RFSV) of the DD-LiNbO 3-MZM and the signal frequency of the sinusoidal wave (RF) source. A low power amplified RF source with a signal driving power of 16.9dBm is applied, and the power of CW laser is kept at 3dBm. The frequency spacing (FS) is kept at 20GHz for generating the maximum number of carriers. Nonetheless, the scheme is also tested for the FSs of 64GHz, and 32GHz. Each scenario is examined in simulation environment and the main outcomes are highlighted. The proposed scheme is comparatively simple and the FS varies with the applied RF source on the modulators. The achieved OFC lines have a tone-to-noise ratio (TNR) of over 45dB with an undesired side mode suppression ratio of approximately 20dB. The comb lines are almost flat with a varying power deviation of around 0dB-6dB which is optimized to nearly 0.12dB. Furthermore, the impact of the RFSV on the generated number of carriers is studied in detail. The scheme is analyzed in terms of cost efficiency, power deviations, TNR, optical signal to noise ratio, and number of achieved comb lines.

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Application of optical frequency comb generation with controlled delay circuit for managing the high capacity network system

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Cross-phase modulation based ultra-flat 90-line optical frequency comb generation

Cross-phase modulation based ultra-flat 90-line optical frequency comb generation

An advanced iterative model for computing approximated blocking probabilities and measuring the quality of service in optical communication networks

Ultra-Wide and Flattened Optical Frequency Comb Generation Based on Cascaded Phase Modulator and LiNbO3-MZM Offering Terahertz Bandwidth

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