Application of odor identification test in Parkinson's disease in China: A matched case-control study

Chen, Wei; Chen, Shuai; Kang, Wenyan; Li, Bo; Xu, Zhimin; Xiao, Qin; Li, Jun; Wang, Ying; Wang, Gang; Chen, Shengdi

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.01.033

Cited by 48 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Prior studies have demonstrated SS-16 reliability in differentiating PD patients and healthy subjects in Asia and Latin America [1, 2]. Furthermore, a previous study suggested that the performance of Sniffin’ Sticks was better than that of UPSIT, even among Children to whom discriminating different smells is more perplexing [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each correct answer for each odor received a score of 1; thus, the total score expressed as the sum of correct responses ranged from 0 to 16. Subjects with scores lower than 9.5 were defined as olfactory impaired [2]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, olfactory tests are suited for routine use in daily clinical practice and are currently utilized in Europe. Our previous study indicated that SS-16 act as a valid instrument for olfactory assessment in Chinese PD patients, and hyposmia may correlate with autonomic dysfunction in patients with PD [2]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent systematic review indicated that sensitivity and specificity of DAT SPECT imaging to detect nigrostriatal cell loss were 98 %, and it seems to be accurate in detecting nigrostriatal cell loss in patients with Parkinsonism [4]. SPECT-based brain scans have become increasingly common in routine PD diagnosis [2, 5, 6]. However, these scans are expensive and there are still technical issues which can lead to difficulties with interpretation in borderline cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The predictive value of SS-16 in clinically diagnosed Parkinson’s disease patients: comparison with 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT scans

Kang

Dong

et al. 2016

Transl Neurodegener

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BackgroundDopamine transporter based imaging has high diagnostic performance in distinguishing patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) from patients with non-Parkinsonian syndromes. Our previous study indicated that the “Sniffin’ Sticks” odor identification test (SS-16) acts as a valid instrument for olfactory assessment in Chinese PD patients. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of the two methods in diagnosing PD.MethodsFifty-two PD patients were involved in this study and underwent single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging using the labeled dopamine transporter radiotracer 99mTc-TRODAT-1 to assess nigrostriatal dopaminergic function. Olfactory function was assessed with the “Sniffin’ Sticks” odor identification test (SS-16) in all patients who received DAT-SPECT scanning. Statistical analysis (SPSS version 21) was carried out to determine the diagnostic accuracy of SS-16 as well as its correlation with 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT, its positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).ResultsWe identified a negative correlation between SS-16 and DAT SPECT (Kappa = 0.269, p = 0.004). By using the 99mTc-TRODAT-1 uptake results as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of SS-16 was 56.8 and 37.5 %, respectively. Furthermore, the negative and positive predictive values were calculated as 13.6 and 83.3 %, respectively.ConclusionsSS-16 would not be used as a diagnostic tool for early stage PD patients. Negative results of SS-16 would not exclude the diagnosis of PD. Further tests are needed for validation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The predictive value of SS-16 in clinically diagnosed Parkinson’s disease patients: comparison with 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT scans

Kang

Dong

et al. 2016

Transl Neurodegener

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“…REM sleep disorder was assessed by Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ). All these scales had been already used in the evaluation of motor and non-motor symptoms in Chinese PD patients [13]. …”

Section: Assessment Of Motor and Non-motor Function Of Pd Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Epidermal Growth Factor Decreased in the Early Stage of Parkinson’s Disease

Jiang¹,

Wang²,

Zhou³

et al. 2015

Aging and disease

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Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a neurotrophic factor that plays an important role inParkinson's disease (PD). We measured plasma EGF level in PD, essential tremor (ET) and normal controls to investigate whether it changes in PD and whether it is associated with motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. 100 patients with PD, 40 patients with ET as disease control and 76 healthy persons were enrolled in the present study. Motor and non-motor symptoms were assessed by different scales. Plasma EGF levels of three groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Spearman test and linear logistics regression model were used to test the correlation of EGF with motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. Plasma EGF level was significantly decreased in early PD patients compared with normal control, but not in advanced PD patients. Interestingly, plasma EGF level was significantly increased in advanced PD and total PD patients compared with ET patients, but not in early PD patients. In addition, plasma EGF level was correlated with UPDRS-III scores in PD. Also plasma EGF level was correlated with UPDRS-III scores and NMS scores in early PD. Our results suggested that plasma EGF decreased in the early stage of PD and increased later on in the PD disease course. Also, plasma EGF level was increased significantly in PD compared with ET patients and correlated with motor and non-motor symptoms in early PD.

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The Sense of Smell in Our Lives

Sell¹

2014

Chemistry and the Sense of Smell

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Application of odor identification test in Parkinson's disease in China: A matched case-control study

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

The predictive value of SS-16 in clinically diagnosed Parkinson’s disease patients: comparison with 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT scans

The predictive value of SS-16 in clinically diagnosed Parkinson’s disease patients: comparison with 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT scans

Plasma Epidermal Growth Factor Decreased in the Early Stage of Parkinson’s Disease

The Sense of Smell in Our Lives

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