Application of newly developed SARS-CoV2 serology test along with real-time PCR for early detection in health care workers and on-time plasma donation

Soltani‐Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh; Aghebati‐Maleki, Leili; Hajivalili, Mahsa; Haji-Fatahaliha, Mostafa; Motavalli, Roza; Mahmoodpoor, Ata; Kafil, Hossein Samadi; Farhang, Sara; Pourakbari, Ramin; Jadidi‐Niaragh, Farhad; Roshangar, Leila; Heris, Javad Ahmadian; Kamrani, Amin; Siahmansouri, Homayoon; Hosseini, Maryam Sadat; Miahipour, Abolfazl; Shareghi-Oskoue, Oldouz; Parhizkar, Forough; Yousefi, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101140

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Until now, no efficient therapeutic approach has been discovered for severe COVID-19 cases. Therefore, the regions affected by this virus cannot efficiently control the prevalence of the disease [ 2 , 3 ]. Belonging to the order Nidoviride, these microorganisms are divided into four families: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive evaluation of the immune system response and type-I Interferon signaling pathway in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

et al. 2022

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has become the world’s main life-threatening challenge in the third decade of the twenty-first century. Numerous studies have been conducted on SARS-CoV2 virus structure and pathogenesis to find reliable treatments and vaccines. The present study aimed to evaluate the immune-phenotype and IFN-I signaling pathways of COVID-19 patients with mild and severe conditions. Material and methods A total of 100 COVID-19 patients (50 with mild and 50 with severe conditions) were enrolled in this study. The frequency of CD4 + T, CD8 + T, Th17, Treg, and B lymphocytes beside NK cells was evaluated using flow cytometry. IFN-I downstream signaling molecules, including JAK-1, TYK-2, STAT-1, and STAT-2, and Interferon regulatory factors (IRF) 3 and 7 expressions at RNA and protein status were investigated using real-time PCR and western blotting techniques, respectively. Immune levels of cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-2R, IL-10, IFN-α, and IFN-β) and the existence of anti-IFN-α autoantibodies were evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Immune-phenotyping results showed a significant decrease in the absolute count of NK cells, CD4 + T, CD8 + T, and B lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients. The frequency of Th17 and Treg cells showed a remarkable increase and decrease, respectively. All signaling molecules of the IFN-I downstream pathway and IRFs (i.e., JAK-1, TYK-2, STAT-1, STAT-2, IRF-3, and IRF-7) showed very reduced expression levels in COVID-19 patients with the severe condition compared to healthy individuals at both RNA and protein levels. Of 50 patients with severe conditions, 14 had anti-IFN-α autoantibodies in sera. Meanwhile, this result was 2 and 0 for patients with mild symptoms and healthy controls, respectively. Conclusion Our results indicate a positive association of the existence of anti-IFN-α autoantibodies and immune cells dysregulation with the severity of illness in COVID-19 patients. However, comprehensive studies are necessary to find out more about this context.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive evaluation of the immune system response and type-I Interferon signaling pathway in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

et al. 2022

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“…The RBD, as an isolated protein, is broadly used in different types of clinical and medical applications (serological tests, vaccine formulation, etc.) [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]; therefore, its in vitro production is of paramount importance. Mammalian and insect cells are the model systems of election used for the heterologous expression of SARS-CoV-2 RBD due to its intrinsic structural complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nuts and Bolts of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain Heterologous Expression

Maffei¹,

Montemiglio

Vitagliano³

et al. 2021

Biomolecules

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COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease caused by a newly emerged coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that has rapidly progressed into a pandemic. This unprecedent emergency has stressed the significance of developing effective therapeutics to fight the current and future outbreaks. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 surface Spike protein is the main target for vaccines and represents a helpful “tool” to produce neutralizing antibodies or diagnostic kits. In this work, we provide a detailed characterization of the native RBD produced in three major model systems: Escherichia coli, insect and HEK-293 cells. Circular dichroism, gel filtration chromatography and thermal denaturation experiments indicated that recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBD proteins are stable and correctly folded. In addition, their functionality and receptor-binding ability were further evaluated through ELISA, flow cytometry assays and bio-layer interferometry.

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“…Furthermore, a clinical study reported that IFN-I were not detected (particularly IFN-β) or at least at lower levels (IFN-α) in plasma of patients with severe COVID-19 [ 26 , 27 ]. Some studies have also described a direct relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and over-production of proinflammatory cytokines [ 9 , 28 – 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract on activation of endosomal toll like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways

et al. 2022

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Objectives From the ancient, medicinal benefits of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) have been implicated for respiratory and digestive diseases despite the effects of Hyssop on viral infections have not been mechanistically investigated. In this study, we examined whether the Hyssop extract activated anti-viral innate immunity, as a sentinel for immune system, through activation of endosomal TLRs recognizing nucleic acids and their downstream signaling. The Hyssop herb extracts was prepared and co-cultured with healthy individual’s peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). After viability assay, gene expression levels of TLR3,7,8,9, as well as MyD88 and NF-κB, were evaluated in treated PBMCs using Real-time PCR. Next, the secretion level of immune related cytokines was quantified via ELISA. Results Post 24 h, 40 µg/ml of the extract significantly inhibited the viability of less than 50% of cells compared to the control and had a maximum effect on cellular function. The Hyssop-treated PBMCs demonstrated an elevated expression of endosomal TLRs genes, as well as MyD88 and NF-κB. Moreover, the release of INF-α and β notably enhanced in cell culture supernatant, while the content of inflammatory cytokines remarkably diminished (P < 0.05). The Hyssop extract was capable of inducing antiviral innate immune responses so can be promising in antiviral drug strategies.

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Application of newly developed SARS-CoV2 serology test along with real-time PCR for early detection in health care workers and on-time plasma donation

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

A comprehensive evaluation of the immune system response and type-I Interferon signaling pathway in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

A comprehensive evaluation of the immune system response and type-I Interferon signaling pathway in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

The Nuts and Bolts of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain Heterologous Expression

The impact of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract on activation of endosomal toll like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways

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