Application of New Water Flooding Characteristic Curve in the High Water-Cut Stage of an Oilfield

Zhang, Xi; Wang, Changquan; Wang, Hua; Zhao, Xu

doi:10.32604/fdmp.2022.019486

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…With the increase of injection multiple, long-term water injection development increases the average water saturation of the reservoir, changes the oil-water seepage capacity, reduces the oil phase seepage capacity, and increases the water phase seepage capacity. The oil-water fluid The calculation method of injection multiple was studied in combination with reservoir engineering methods [14][15][16] . The injection multiple was calculated using Buckley-Leveret front equation, and the injection multiple was the reciprocal of the derivative of water cut.…”

Section: 2effect Of Injection Multiple On Phase Permeability Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oil-water fluid seepage capacity Kro+Krw decreases rapidly with the increase of water saturation. After the isotonic point, the water phase change characteristics play a leading role, and the oil-water fluid seepage capacity Kro+Krw increases slowly with the increase of water saturation.The calculation method of injection multiple was studied in combination with reservoir engineering methods[14][15][16] . The injection multiple was calculated using Buckley-Leveret front equation, and the injection multiple was the reciprocal of the derivative of water cut.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Study on Characteristics of Phase Permeability Curve of Xingbei Development Zone During Extra High Water Cut Period

Zhang

Yin

2023

E3S Web of Conf.

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The relative permeability curve is an important basic data for the preparation and dynamic analysis of oilfield development ( adjustment ) schemes. Due to the different types of relative permeability curves in different water cut stages, there is a large deviation in the prediction of oilfield development indexes in the ultra-high water cut stage according to the relative permeability curve in the early stage of development. In order to study the change of relative permeability curve in the development process, based on the analysis of the morphological characteristics of 118 relative permeability curves in the ultra-high water cut stage of 28 coring wells in Xingbei development area after more than 50 years of water injection development, the influence of injection multiple on the relative permeability curve, and the influence of long-term water injection development on the average pore radius, the changes of morphological characteristics and characteristic parameters of relative permeability curves after entering the ultra-high water cut stage were studied, and a correction method for the changes of oil phase and water phase of relative permeability curves according to the changes of relative permeability curves in different water cut stages was proposed to better reflect the changes of relative permeability curves in the whole process of water injection development. It provides a basis for accurately predicting the index of water injection development oilfield.

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Section: 2effect Of Injection Multiple On Phase Permeability Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Study on Characteristics of Phase Permeability Curve of Xingbei Development Zone During Extra High Water Cut Period

Zhang

Yin

2023

E3S Web of Conf.

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“…Testing the growth of strains at different temperatures, salinity, and pH can evaluate their tolerance to extreme environments. The testing methods were improved according to [25,26].…”

Section: Growth Monitoring (Growth Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Bacterial Consortia from Low-Permeability Reservoir in Ordos Basin

Bian,

Zhi,

Zhang

et al. 2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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The combination of strains of different species and genera may enhance the effects of single bacteria, surpass the tolerance upper limit, and optimize the viscosity reduction and degradation. In this study, six strains were isolated in low permeability layers of the Ordos Basin and were combined to verify the effect of the consortium strains. The selected single strains have good emulsifying and viscosity-reducing effects, but their degradation components are different. SC4561 (Bacillus cereus), SC4551 (Bacillus sp.), and H-1 (Brevibacillus sp.) form consortium A, and SC4534 (2) (Bacillus sp.), SC4542 (Bacillus licheniformis), and A-3 (Bacillus licheniformis) form consortium B. The performance of the mixed strains was evaluated by the analysis of change in emulsification rate, crude oil composition, viscosity, and the tolerance (temperature, salinity, and pH) through GC-MS, rotational rheometer, and other methods. The results showed that the temperature tolerance of the consortium strains was improved by 5-7°C. Consortium B had higher emulsibility ( E 24 was higher than 40% in average) and viscosity degradation (above 35%), and the crude oil in consortium B has almost no wall adhesion. The components of crude oil that consortia use were still diverse, including both long- and short-chain hydrocarbons. However, the proportion of long-chain n-alkanes is further reduced compared with that of single bacteria, and the highest ratio was reduced by 23.81% (B-ALL). At the same time, they also had effects on aromatic hydrocarbons with complex structures (phenanthrene and phenanthrene). This research confirms the enhanced effect of consortium bacteria on single bacteria, facilitating the implementation of microbial enhanced oil recovery technology in the future.

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“…In addition, Claridge (1978) proposed that a polymer solution can be injected using several slugs with gradually decreased polymer concentrations, reducing the polymer loading and viscous fingering compared to one polymer slug [17]. Most reported projects worldwide have followed this scheme [18,19]. Recently, a new chemical flooding method called discontinuous polymer flooding has been proposed to deal with the aforementioned problems of polymer flooding and applied in mature offshore oilfields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Discontinuous Polymer Flooding Processes for Offshore Oilfields Using a Novel PSO–ICA Algorithm

Tang,

Zhang,

Jin

et al. 2024

Energies

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Recently, discontinuous polymer flooding has been proposed and successfully applied in some offshore oilfields. The performance of discontinuous polymer flooding depends on various operational parameters, such as injection timing, polymer concentrations, and crosslinker concentrations of four types of chemical slugs. Because the number of the operational parameters are large and they are nonlinearly related, the traditional reservoir numerical simulation might not simultaneously obtain the optimal results of these operational parameters. In this study, to simulate the discontinuous polymer flooding processes, a simulation model was built using a commercial reservoir simulator (CMG STARS), in which the mechanisms of the four types of chemical slugs were considered, such as polymer viscosification, adsorption, and degradation. Then, a PSO–ICA algorithm was developed by using the PSO algorithm to improve the exploration ability of the ICA algorithm. The codes were written with MATLAB and linked to CMG STARS to perform optimization processes. Finally, the PSO–ICA algorithm was compared with the ICA and PSO algorithms on benchmark functions to verify its reliability and applied to optimize a discontinuous polymer flooding process in a typical offshore oilfield in Bohai Bay, China. The results showed that the developed PSO–ICA algorithm had lower iteration numbers, higher optimization accuracy, and faster convergence rate than these of PSO and ICA, indicating that it was an effective method for optimizing the operational parameters of discontinuous polymer flooding processes. Compared to the continuous polymer flooding, the discontinuous polymer flooding had a higher oil production rate, a lower water cut, and a lower residual oil saturation. The net present value of the optimal scheme of discontinuous polymer flooding reached 7.49 × 108 $, which is an increase of 6% over that of the scheme of continuous polymer flooding. More research including selecting more reasonable parameters of the PSO–ICA algorithm to increase its optimization accuracy and convergence rate, comparing with other available optimization algorithms, and verifying the performance of the optimal scheme of discontinuous polymer flooding in the practical offshore oilfield will be required in the future.

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Application of New Water Flooding Characteristic Curve in the High Water-Cut Stage of an Oilfield

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Study on Characteristics of Phase Permeability Curve of Xingbei Development Zone During Extra High Water Cut Period

Study on Characteristics of Phase Permeability Curve of Xingbei Development Zone During Extra High Water Cut Period

Performance Evaluation of Bacterial Consortia from Low-Permeability Reservoir in Ordos Basin

Optimization of Discontinuous Polymer Flooding Processes for Offshore Oilfields Using a Novel PSO–ICA Algorithm

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