Application of Nanomaterials in Endodontics

Abstract

Recent advancements in nanotechnology have introduced a myriad of potential applications in dentistry, with nanomaterials playing an increasing role in endodontics. These nanomaterials exhibit distinctive mechanical and chemical properties, rendering them suitable for various dental applications in endodontics, including obturating materials, sealers, retro-filling agents, and root-repair materials. Certain nanomaterials demonstrate versatile functionalities in endodontics, such as antimicrobial properties that bolster the eradication of bacteria within root canals during endodontic procedures. Moreover, they offer promise in drug delivery, facilitating targeted and controlled release of therapeutic agents to enhance tissue regeneration and repair, which can be used for endodontic tissue repair or regeneration. This review outlines the diverse applications of nanomaterials in endodontics, encompassing endodontic medicaments, irrigants, obturating materials, sealers, retro-filling agents, root-repair materials, as well as pulpal repair and regeneration. The integration of nanomaterials into endodontics stands poised to revolutionize treatment methodologies, presenting substantial potential advancements in the field. Our review aims to provide guidance for the effective translation of nanotechnologies into endodontic practice, serving as an invaluable resource for researchers, clinicians, and professionals in the fields of materials science and dentistry.

Strategies and mechanisms targeting Enterococcus faecalis biofilms associated with endodontic infections: a comprehensive review

“…Another challenge in achieving eradication of biofilms in root canals lies in addressing Enterococcus faecalis biofilms located within anatomically inaccessible regions. The diversity of nanoparticles can be designed to enhance drug aqueous solubility, and by precisely adjusting their chemical compositions, size, surface charge, and other properties, they offer unparalleled flexibility in carrying, retaining, and releasing drugs at precise locations and times ( Afkhami et al., 2024 ).…”

“…Nanoparticles, approximately 1 to 100 nm in size, exhibit unique physicochemical properties due to their ultra-small particle size, high surface area-to-mass ratio, and enhanced chemical reactivity ( Afkhami et al., 2024 ). Specifically, nanoparticles smaller than 5 nm tend to demonstrate increased biocompatibility and are more favorable to biological systems, potentially causing less disruption to normal biological and physiological functions ( Xie et al., 2020 ).…”