Application of MWCNT/Ag‐Pt Nanocomposite Modified GCE for the Detection of Nevirapine in Pharmaceutical Formulation and Biological Samples

Okumu, Fredrick; Silwana, Bongiwe; Matoetoe, Mangaka C.

doi:10.1002/elan.202060374

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The system showed a chemically quasi-reversible one-electron redox process with a peak-to-peak separation Δ E p equal to or very close to 0.059 V (values are listed in Table ). These observations have been frequently reported in AgNP electrochemical studies. − Concentrations of 50 and 100 mM of the reducing agent showed a peak that might possibly be related to aggregates, as highlighted in blue in the voltammogram. This was confirmed by varying the scan rate, as shown in Figure S1.…”

Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Electrochemistry as a Complementary Technique for Revealing the Influence of Reducing Agent Concentration on AgNPs

2022

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The synthesis process of AgNPs has been attracting a lot of attention in the fields of biosensors/sensors, diagnostics, and therapeutic applications. An attempt to understand the effect of different concentrations of reducing agents on the synthetic design process has been made. In this paper, we gather information on voltammetry studies and relate it with UV–vis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Given the kinetics, localized surface plasmon absorption (LSPR) band, and narrow size distribution of these methods, it was possible to compare the obtained measurements and clearly distinguish sizes and aggregation. AgNPs measured by SEM showed a statistically significant reduction of the nanoparticle sizes from 65 to 37.5 nm as the reducing agent increased. Well-matched d-spacing data calculated from selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were obtained for all of the samples. The UV–vis studies showed that the SPR bands shift toward the blue region as the reducing agent concentration is increased, indicating a decrease in particle sizes. It is worth emphasizing that cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) coincide well with SEM on the aggregation of AgNPs at higher concentrations. A 10 mM reducing agent concentration resulted in uniform outcomes for producing AgNPs with the smallest size in terms of full width at half-maximum (FWHM) in all of the methods used in this study, while UV–vis band gaps increase with increasing reducing agent concentration. In agreement with all of the methods investigated, the results suggested that the best concentration of the reducing agents is 10 mM for a target application. These findings suggest the usefulness of voltammetry as a complementary method that can be used as a qualitative guide to identify the size and aggregation of NPs.

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Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Electrochemistry as a Complementary Technique for Revealing the Influence of Reducing Agent Concentration on AgNPs

2022

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“…In the year 2020, the group develop unique strategies for enhancing stability and LOD by supporting the noble metal Ag-Pt bimetallic sensor with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). 47 With the added MWCNTs as support for the bimetallic nanoparticles, the nanosensor exhibited greater sensitivity attributed to an increase in surface area. The oxidation of NVP by GCE/MWCNTs/Ag-PtNPs was seen at potential 0.59 V and 0.54 V (CV & DPV respectively) in 0.01 M NaOH as electrolytes solution.…”

Section: Electrochemical Detection Of Nevirapine (Nvp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrochemical oxidation mechanism of NVP on GCE/MWCNTs/Ag-PtNPs. 47 Scheme 6. The mechanism of uracil grafted on CPE (I) and the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of nevirapine on modified electrode (II).…”

Section: Electrochemical Detection Of Nevirapine (Nvp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Nanostructured Electrochemical Sensors for Determination of the First Generation of the NNRTIs for HIV-1

Silwana

Matoetoe²

2022

ECS Adv.

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Since the 1980s, the HIV/AIDS pandemic has been a global concern and remains despite the tremendous efforts and successes in the development of antiviral drugs. The drug development and formulation process are not without challenges. However, the effective use of excipients can allow formulators to circumvent or at least minimize the impact of these challenges. Some of the challenges include ensuring a high quality of actives, free from impurities, and ensuring administration in appropriate quantities. Incorrect dosing can have a detrimental impact on the body. Evaluation of the quality and physiological function of these drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples is vital. We explore the application of electrochemical methods for the detection of these drugs. Electrochemical methods are versatile and cheaper in comparison to conventional techniques. This review paper provides the latest developments and new trends in electroanalysis of the first generation of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors drugs. Furthermore, we highlight several phenomena occurring on bare solid electrodes and modified electrodes, including underlying mechanisms. Recent data shows that modified electrodes based on nanoparticles present substantial advantages over their non-modified counterparts enabling portability, higher selectivity, and multiple detection capabilities. These characteristics make nanoparticles promising candidates for the design of sensors.

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Electrochemical immunosensor based on AuNPs/Zn/Ni-ZIF-8-800@graphene for rapid detection of aflatoxin B1 in peanut oil

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Analytical Biochemistry

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Application of MWCNT/Ag‐Pt Nanocomposite Modified GCE for the Detection of Nevirapine in Pharmaceutical Formulation and Biological Samples

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Electrochemistry as a Complementary Technique for Revealing the Influence of Reducing Agent Concentration on AgNPs

Electrochemistry as a Complementary Technique for Revealing the Influence of Reducing Agent Concentration on AgNPs

Review—Nanostructured Electrochemical Sensors for Determination of the First Generation of the NNRTIs for HIV-1

Electrochemical immunosensor based on AuNPs/Zn/Ni-ZIF-8-800@graphene for rapid detection of aflatoxin B1 in peanut oil

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