Application of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis in studies of the epidemiology of Listeria monocytogenes in Denmark

Nørrung, Birgit; Skovgaard, Niels

doi:10.1128/aem.59.9.2817-2822.1993

Cited by 61 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…They also found two other electrophoretic types characteristic of strains often isolated from meat but not from animals (4). Similar results were also obtained by Nørrung and Skovgaard, who identified an electrophoretic type frequently occurring among strains isolated from human and animal clinical cases of listeriosis but rarely found among those isolated from foods and food factories (16). Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis of strains isolated from milk also showed that most electrophoretic types were unique to strains isolated from milk and thus not linked to clinical cases of human or animal listeriosis (8).…”

Section: Analysis Of L Monocytogenes Populations Recovered From Humasupporting

confidence: 83%

Serotyping and esterase typing for analysis of Listeria monocytogenes populations recovered from foodstuffs and from human patients with listeriosis in Belgium

1996

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Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated in Belgium from different foodstuffs and in sporadic cases of human listeriosis were analyzed. The distribution of serovars differed in each of these populations. The bacteria isolated from cheeses and from human patients with listeriosis were further studied by esterase typing. The twenty esterase patterns defined were not equally distributed in these two populations. The secretion of the virulence determinant phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C and the pathogenicity level of strains in immunocompromised mice could not explain the unequal distribution of esterase types. The discrimination index of esterase typing (DI ‫؍‬ 0.868) was compared with that of serotyping (DI ‫؍‬ 0.666) and with that of the two combined methods (DI ‫؍‬ 0.899).

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Section: Analysis Of L Monocytogenes Populations Recovered From Humasupporting

confidence: 83%

Serotyping and esterase typing for analysis of Listeria monocytogenes populations recovered from foodstuffs and from human patients with listeriosis in Belgium

1996

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“…No human case of infection was caused by pulsovar 2/26/3 strains, which were exclusively isolated from cheeses and their relative environment during the outbreak. This could be an additional observation of L. monocytogenes strains that are very rarely pathogenic (or nonpathogenic) for humans, as previously suggested by the results of serotyping (13,14), multilo-cus enzyme analysis (3,32,43), and ribotyping (21). Because virulence studies in mice with strains of various types (5,9,11,16,34) failed to identify such a correlation between low-virulence strains and certain typing characteristics, further studies with new methodologies are required to identify markers specific for these strains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…According to our experience, phage typing as a phenotypic method and DNA macrorestriction patterns analysis (PFGE) as a genomic method appeared to be the most suitable and the most discriminative methods during this outbreak. Since 1989, various molecular typing methods have been applied to L. monocytogenes, including multilocus enzyme analysis (1,(31)(32)(33)43), ribotyping (20,21,29), DNA micro-and macrorestriction pattern analysis (4,12,30,44), and, more recently, random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (10,25), and these methods have proved to be useful during epidemiological investigations. For coordination of the use of these new methods and better handling of the large body of results accumulated during the past 10 years, a multicenter study on L. monocytogenes typing was initiated by the World Health Organization (Food Safety Unit, Geneva, Switzerland) in order to select and standardize the most appropriate methods and to define a common nomenclature for varieties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations related to the epidemic strain involved in the French listeriosis outbreak in 1992

Jacquet

Catimel

Brosch

et al. 1995

Appl Environ Microbiol

198

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Two hundred seventy-nine cases of human listeriosis (92 pregnancy-related cases and 187 non-pregnancyrelated cases) caused by a serovar 4b and phagovar 2389:2425:3274:2671:47:108:340 strain were identified in France between March and December 1992. Epidemiological investigations included a case-control study (not described here) and microbiological analyses of foods. Results of the case-control study and characterization of food isolates identified pork tongue in jelly, a ready-to-eat meat product, as the major vehicle of this outbreak, and to a lesser extent, delicatessen products contaminated secondarily during handling in food stores. As far as serotyping, phage typing, DNA macrorestriction pattern analysis (obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis [PFGE]), and ribotyping are concerned, this epidemic strain is phenotypically and genomically closely related to strains responsible for major outbreaks of listeriosis previously observed in Europe and North America. The epidemic strain sensu stricto as defined by PFGE (2/1/3) displayed the same serovar, phagovar, ribovar, and ApaI and NotI PFGE patterns as the epidemic strains from outbreaks in Switzerland, California, and Denmark, but it consistently showed differences in the SmaI PFGE profile. This information greatly contributed to the identification of the major food vehicle (pork tongue in jelly) and further allowed exclusion of other foods (cheese) as possible sources of this major listeriosis epidemic.

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“…Several typing methods have been applied to the epidemiological surveillance and tracing of L. monocytogenes. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) has shown that several of the recent major epidemics over the world were caused by a group of genetically closely related serovar 4b strains of L. monocytogenes (18), designated electrophoretic type 1 (ET1) clone in the present study and in several previous studies (5,17,18,23). Other groups have confirmed these results by using different typing methods (9,13).…”

Section: The Analysis Of 47 Isolates Related To the Swiss Listeriosissupporting

confidence: 85%

Subtyping Listeria monocytogenes isolates genetically related to the Swiss epidemic clone

Bannerman¹,

Jemmi²,

Billé³

1996

J Clin Microbiol

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Macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to assess the diversity of strains within the epidemic-associated electrophoretic type 1 (ET1) clone of Listeria monocytogenes. For this purpose, a total of 144 isolates from Switzerland shown by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis to belong to the ET1 were examined. These isolates were subtyped by macrorestriction analysis using the enzymes ApaI and SmaI and field inversion gel electrophoresis. Among these 144 isolates, 45 were isolated in human listeriosis cases of the postepidemic period of 1988 to 1993 and 44 were isolated in animal listeriosis cases of the same period. Forty-seven isolates were from the epidemic period of 1983 to 1987, and eight additional isolates were from cattle from two different farms. Twenty-nine different subtypes could be identified among the 144 isolates tested. Five major subtypes were found more frequently than the others during the postepidemic period, both in humans and in animals. Two of these subtypes had been previously implicated in outbreaks of listeriosis, thus suggesting that particular pulsed-field gel electrophoresis subtypes may be frequently associated with disease in humans and animals. Two of these frequent subtypes were also suspected to be related to small clusters of listeriosis cases during the postepidemic period. The results obtained by typing epidemiologically related isolates from different animals within the same farms and from different body sites of a given patient confirmed the potential of macrorestriction analysis for epidemiological studies restricted to short periods of time and to small number of isolates. The analysis of 47 isolates related to the Swiss listeriosis epidemic period of 1983 to 1987 and the use of Southern blotting and hybridization experiments show that the interpretation of relatedness between isolates presenting slightly different macrorestriction patterns may be more complex than commonly accepted. In such cases, careful interpretation of the potential molecular mechanisms leading to the differences observed between patterns is necessary.

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Application of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis in studies of the epidemiology of Listeria monocytogenes in Denmark

Cited by 61 publications

References 11 publications

Serotyping and esterase typing for analysis of Listeria monocytogenes populations recovered from foodstuffs and from human patients with listeriosis in Belgium

Serotyping and esterase typing for analysis of Listeria monocytogenes populations recovered from foodstuffs and from human patients with listeriosis in Belgium

Investigations related to the epidemic strain involved in the French listeriosis outbreak in 1992

Subtyping Listeria monocytogenes isolates genetically related to the Swiss epidemic clone

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