Application of MOFs and natural clays for removal of MCPD and GEs from edible oils

Şahin, T.; Ok, S.; Yılmaz, Emin

doi:10.3989/gya.0556211

grasasaceites

2022

DOI: 10.3989/gya.0556211

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Application of MOFs and natural clays for removal of MCPD and GEs from edible oils

T. Şahin

S. Ok

Emin Yılmaz

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) and glycidyl esters (GEs) from edible oils by using Metal Organic Frameworks (MOF) and natural clays. First, the model oil was treated with adsorbents and titanium (IV) butoxide-terephthalate MOF (Ti-MOF) and kaolin were selected as the best performing MOF along with natural clay, respectively, for the removal of 3-MCPD and GEs. The effects of treatment conditions were also investigated, 6.0% adsorbent level, 120 min … Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

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Adsorption of 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol ester and glycidyl ester from refined bleached deodorized palm oil using zeolite‐based adsorbents

Restiawaty,

Rida,

Maulana

et al. 2024

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Palm oil processing can result in different food products like cooking oil and margarine. Nevertheless, these food products might contain harmful contaminants, namely 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol ester (3‐MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE), which can negatively affect animal organs and potentially cause human cancer. Therefore, the objective of this study was to lower the concentration of 3‐MCPDE and GE in refined, bleached, and deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) using zeolite as an adsorbent. Adsorption experiments were conducted in a batch reactor, varying the percentage of adsorbents, temperature, type of zeolite, and the use of a mixture of zeolite and activated carbon (AC). The sample was analyzed before and after adsorption using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) to confirm the concentration alteration of 3‐MCPDE and GE. The study showed that the most effective temperature for adsorption was 35°C and used a zeolite percentage of 2%. Beta zeolites resulted in the highest removal of 3‐MCPDE (86%) among the evaluated zeolites attributed to their elevated pore volume, Si/Al ratio, and overall acidity strength. Through a synergistic combination of beta zeolite and AC, the removal percentage of 3‐MCPDE was enhanced to 94%, with a corresponding 75% reduction in GE. This study paves the way for addressing 3‐MCPDE and GE concerns in RBDPO by combining zeolite and AC.

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Adsorption of 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol ester and glycidyl ester from refined bleached deodorized palm oil using zeolite‐based adsorbents

Restiawaty,

Rida,

Maulana

et al. 2024

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD): a review on properties, occurrence, mechanism of formation, toxicity, analytical approach and mitigation strategy

et al. 2023

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3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) is one of the most common food contaminants in processed oils which forms mostly during the deodorization step of edible oil refining process. It has been detected in many types of food products such as infant formula, margarine, bread and soy sauce, which could result in kidney and testicular damage. The presence of 3-MCPD contaminant have been occurring for more a decade, which warrants a maximum permissible amount of 2 µg/kg body weight in food products in national and international levels. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview in the past 12 years on its physicochemical properties, occurrence, potential precursors and formation mechanism of 3-MCPD in foodstuffs. The toxicity, its quantification methods and mitigation strategy are also reviewed with an emphasis on the applicability, efficiency and issues encountered during the analysis. This review provides an elucidation regarding 3-MCPDEs and their food safety implications.

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Mitigation of 3-monochloropropane 1,2 diol ester and glycidyl ester in refined oil – A review

Yung

Lakshmanan²,

Kumaresan

et al. 2023

Food Chemistry

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Application of MOFs and natural clays for removal of MCPD and GEs from edible oils

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Adsorption of 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol ester and glycidyl ester from refined bleached deodorized palm oil using zeolite‐based adsorbents

Adsorption of 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol ester and glycidyl ester from refined bleached deodorized palm oil using zeolite‐based adsorbents

3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD): a review on properties, occurrence, mechanism of formation, toxicity, analytical approach and mitigation strategy

Mitigation of 3-monochloropropane 1,2 diol ester and glycidyl ester in refined oil – A review

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