Application of Microbial Enzymes in Wastewater Treatment

Sahal, Saloni; Khaturia, Sarita; Joshi, Navneet

doi:10.1002/9781119852131.ch12

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This enhances the efficiency and longevity of the biological treatment and minimizes fouling of the bioreactor, as the presence of particulate matter can impede microbial activity. Furthermore, membrane filtration also aids in preventing the release of potentially harmful by-products generated during bio-degradation into the treated water ( Rovira, 2018 ; Mackuľak et al, 2021 ; Angeles-de Paz et al, 2023 ; Noor et al, 2023 ; Sahal et al, 2023 ; Sahay et al, 2023 ). Combinatory treatment for PhAMP removal is highly versatile and adaptable to various water treatment scenarios.…”

Section: Removal Methods For Pharmaceutically Active Micropollutants ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutically active micropollutants: origin, hazards and removal

Gupta,

Kumar,

Bajpai

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Pharmaceuticals, recognized for their life-saving potential, have emerged as a concerning class of micropollutants in the environment. Even at minute concentrations, chronic exposure poses a significant threat to ecosystems. Various pharmaceutically active micropollutants (PhAMP), including antibiotics, analgesics, and hormones, have been detected in underground waters, surface waters, seawater, sewage treatment plants, soils, and activated sludges due to the absence of standardized regulations on pharmaceutical discharge. Prolonged exposureof hospital waste and sewage treatment facilities is linked to the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Conventional water treatment methods prove ineffective, prompting the use of alternative techniques like photolysis, reverse osmosis, UV-degradation, bio-degradation, and nano-filtration. However, commercial implementation faces challenges such as incomplete removal, toxic sludge generation, high costs, and the need for skilled personnel. Research gaps include the need to comprehensively identify and understand various types of pharmaceutically active micropollutants, investigate their long-term ecological impact, develop more sensitive monitoring techniques, and explore integrated treatment approaches. Additionally, there is a gap in understanding the socio-economic implications of pharmaceutical pollution and the efficacy of public awareness campaigns. Future research should delve into alternative strategies like phagotherapy, vaccines, and natural substance substitutes to address the escalating threat of pharmaceutical pollution.

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Section: Removal Methods For Pharmaceutically Active Micropollutants ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutically active micropollutants: origin, hazards and removal

Gupta,

Kumar,

Bajpai

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The entire body of plants or their tissue culture that contains the enzymes in their normal form can be deployed in water bodies. BIO-CAT's enzymes are effectively used to treat organic waste (Sahal et al 2023).…”

Section: Application Of Biomass Waste Management For Treating Contami...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Enzymes in Biomass Waste Management

Rath,

Bhardwaj,

Chaturvedi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Enzymes are biological molecules produced by living entities for carrying out biological processes. The application of enzymes for waste treatment has been gaining pace commercially to solve concerns related to agricultural residues, wastewater, replacement of synthetic processes with natural ones, etc. The application of enzymes for waste management has been an environmentally reliable and sustainable process. Treatment of waste with enzymes such as xylanase, proteases, hydrolases, cellulose, peroxidases, chitinases, laccases, etc. has been studied to be effective. These enzymes act upon the waste products and transform them into biodegradable forms that can be recycled, reused and converted to value-added products. They have wide applications and utility as it has been an effective approach, economically cheaper and sustainable techniques. Application of such enzymes for waste management would be beneficial for reducing the quantity of waste, diminishing the negative effects of waste and pollution on the environment, and would be beneficial in bio-converting the waste products into alternate sources of energy. The current chapter focuses on different types of enzymes, their applications for waste management, and their limitations. This chapter also emphasizes the usage of some prominent microorganisms, their secreted enzymes and their proposed mechanisms of action involved with the degradation of the waste products.

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