Application of marker-assisted selection for resistance to gall mite and Blackcurrant reversion virus in Ribes genus

Abstract

Gall mite (Cecidophyopsis ribis Westw.) is a biological vector of Blackcurrant reversion virus (BRV), and both are widespread in the countries, where blackcurrants are cultivated commercially. Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is the primary natural host of BRV, although natural infestations also occur in other Ribes spp. Some Ribes species and cultivars are resistant to C. ribis and/or BRV. The mechanism and gene structure of resistance are not clear, that is why molecular markers for breeding of resistant blackcurrants are still in the process of searching. Several molecular markers related to resistance to the pathogen and pest in Ribes spp. genotypes were identified by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. These molecular markers can be used for acceleration of the breeding process of resistant blackcurrant, because phenotyping in the field is unnecessary. In our study, the presence of the 12 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and single sequence repeat (SSR), linked to gall mite and virus resistance loci from 4 to 20 cM were analysed. Eleven of them demonstrated suitability for selection of resistant genotypes in this study. The presence of these molecular markers in 8 Ribes species, 15 hybrids and 13 R. nigrum cultivars was shown. Fully specific molecular marker for detection of genotypes with resistance to gall mite and virus among Ribes species was not found. The complex application of eleven molecular markers allowed for significant grouping of Ribes species, cultivars and hybrids with different genetic origin of resistance to pest and virus. As well, they can be useful for marker-assisted selection. Six molecular markers: E36M59_107, E40M43_236, E40M43_289, E40M40_219, E41M88_280 and E45M40_222, were distinguished as more suitable for identifying resistant Ribes spp. genotypes with Ce and P genes in this study.

Cecidophyopsis mites and blackcurrant reversion virus on Ribes hosts: Current scientific progress and knowledge gaps

“…The breeding of blackcurrant resistance to gall mites is based mainly on the Ce and P genes; their donors are widely used in breeding and research around the world (Brennan, 2008; Mazeikiene, Juskyte, & Stanys, 2019). Cultivars containing these genes are increasingly being introduced in field trials and cultivation, resulting in more data from different regions, and these data are highly inconsistent or even controversial.…”

An Effective Method of Ribes spp. Inoculation with Blackcurrant Reversion Virus under In Vitro Conditions

“…sibiricum, etc., have resistance determined by genes to gall mite and consequently to BRV [3][4][5][6]. However, only several molecular markers of resistance genes are known and can be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in blackcurrant breeding programs [7][8][9].…”

Putative Genes of Pathogenesis-Related Proteins and Coronatine-Insensitive Protein 1 in Ribes spp.

“…To this day, only a few genes and molecular markers specific to pathogen and pest resistance have been established in some Ribes species [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. This is why genetic mechanisms of resistance in Ribes genus are unknown, and the metabolic pathway involved in defense response after pest or pathogen infection is limited [ 8 ].…”