Application of machine learning in prediction of bone cement leakage during single-level thoracolumbar percutaneous vertebroplasty

Abstract

Background In the elderly, osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) of the thoracolumbar vertebra are common, and percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is a common surgical method after fracture. Machine learning (ML) was used in this study to assist clinicians in preventing bone cement leakage during PVP surgery. Methods The clinical data of 374 patients with thoracolumbar OVCFs who underwent single-level PVP at The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou were chosen. It included 150 patients with bone cement leakage and 224 patients without it. We screened the feature variables using four ML methods and used the intersection to generate the prediction model. In addition, predictive models were used in the validation cohort. Results The ML method was used to select five factors to create a Nomogram diagnostic model. The nomogram model's AUC was 0.646667, and its C value was 0.647. The calibration curves revealed a consistent relationship between nomogram predictions and actual probabilities. In 91 randomized samples, the AUC of this nomogram model was 0.7555116. Conclusion In this study, we invented a prediction model for bone cement leakage in single-segment PVP surgery, which can help doctors in performing better surgery with reduced risk.

Revolutionizing CAD/CAM-based restorative dental processes and materials with artificial intelligence: a concise narrative review

“…Machine learning is a branch of AI that utilizes algorithms and statistical models to perform tasks without the need for prior knowledge or rules ( Carleo et al, 2019 ). It is gaining popularity in healthcare, including dentistry ( Alqutaibi & Aboalrejal, 2023 ; Deng et al, 2023 ; Khan, Luo & Wu, 2022 ; Maruta et al, 2023 ; Patil et al, 2022 ; Prasad et al, 2023 ; Reyes et al, 2022 ; Wang et al, 2023a ; Zhang et al, 2023b ). Two types of machine learning algorithms, supervised and unsupervised, can help healthcare providers by providing insights through data analysis ( Fatima et al, 2022 ).…”