Application of Low-Intensity Ultrasound to Growing Bone in Rats

Spadaro, Joseph A.; Albanese, Stephen A.

doi:10.1016/s0301-5629(98)00006-4

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our study uses a therapeutic dose roughly 10 times the intensity of the ultrasound currently being investigated to accelerate fracture repair [6,7,15]. A study by Spadaro et al [13] demonstrated that application of 30 mW/cm2 ultrasound to growing knee joints in rats showed no significant changes in long bone growth or physeal histology. Studies by three different institutes [6,7,15] used this same 30 mW/cm2 dose to measure its effects on fracture healing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original studies of the effects of ultrasound on growing bone only utilized high-intensity ultrasound (2-2.5 W/cm2) [3] and recent studies are mainly concerned with using ultrasound doses in the milliwatt range [6,7,13,14]. However, as this study does not follow these animals to physeal closure, it is unclear as to whether the histological changes reported would cause significant growth disturbances following growth plate closure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of the current literature has focused on the effects of much lower intensities of ultrasound on bone growth and fracture repair [6,7,13,15]. Our study uses a therapeutic dose roughly 10 times the intensity of the ultrasound currently being investigated to accelerate fracture repair [6,7,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The researchers found no length differences compared to the control group as well as no significant differences in bone mineral densities of the tibia and femur. The authors concluded that physeal growth is much less affected by this level of ultrasound than is fracture repair [13]. However, doses of ultrasound vary among the different clinical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a placebo-controlled study of mid-shaft tibial osteotomies in rabbits Pilla et al [ll] 6541. midday) of pulsed ultrasound accelerated the recovery of torsional strength and stiffness, which was also confirmed by a later study [ 151. Physical therapists use a therapeutic dosage of ultrasound (approximately 0.5 W/cm2) to treat patients with overuse of soft tissue injuries and muscle spasm around the thigh, knee, and back for 5-10 min per spot. The most current study in the literature was done by Spadaro and Albanese in 1998 [13]. They studied the effects of low-intensity ultrasound on bone growth in rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of therapeutic vs. high‐intensity ultrasound on the rabbit growth plate

Lyon

Liu

Meier

2003

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Six of 6-week-old NZ rabbits underwent ultrasound treatment using a therapeutic dose (0.5 W/cmZ) and other six were treated with a higher dose (2.2 W/cm2) to the lateral aspect of the left knee joint for 20 min per day and a total of six weeks. The right knee joint served as a control. The goal of this study is to see if the therapeutic dose and high dose (approximately 45-fold therapeutic dose) will have toxic effects on the physis. Histological review appeared normal growth plate in the therapeutic group. In the high dosage group three of six cases displayed flattening of the distal femoral epiphysis and wedging of the proximal tibial plateau and indistinct growth plate lines. It is of interest to note that there are opening radiolucent area in the lateral aspect on the femoral metaphysis in five of six cases, where bone resorption has taken place. Histological results showed that there are disordered arrays of the cartilaginous cells in the proliferative zone. The height of the lateral physis in the high dose group is not only greater than that in the therapeutic dose (1083.8 vs. 500.3 pm), but also greater than that in their contralateral control (530.7 pm) ( P < 0.05). This shortterm study demonstrates that high dose ultrasound has profound pathologic effects in growing bone. Therapeutic doses of ultrasound do not have an adverse effect on bone growth in the short-term follow-up.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of therapeutic vs. high‐intensity ultrasound on the rabbit growth plate

Lyon

Liu

Meier

2003

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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An approach to validating criteria for proteinuric flare in systemic lupus erythematosus glomerulonephritis

Ardoin

Birmingham

Hebert

et al. 2011

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. Published criteria on the degree of proteinuria increase that defines a proteinuric flare in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with glomerulonephritis (GN) vary widely, likely because they are not evidence based, but are largely based on expert opinion. Ideally, the threshold for proteinuric flare should be set sufficiently high that spontaneous variation in proteinuria does not likely explain the increase, but not so high that the patient needlessly experiences prolonged severe proteinuria before a flare is declared and therapy is increased. The present study was undertaken to develop an evidence-based approach to setting the threshold for proteinuric flare, based on quantifying the spontaneous variation in the urine protein:creatinine ratio in SLE GN patients who are not experiencing SLE flare.Methods. SLE GN patients (n ‫؍‬ 71) in the Ohio SLE Study were tested at prespecified bimonthly intervals within windows of ؎1 week. The median duration of followup was >44 months, and the rate of visit compliance was >90%. To assess spontaneous variation in the protein:creatinine ratio under no-flare conditions, we excluded protein:creatinine ratios measured within 4 months before or after renal flare.Results. Our findings showed that in the group of SLE GN patients with a mean no-flare protein: creatinine ratio of <0.5, the published flare thresholds are set well above the 99% confidence interval of the no-flare protein:creatinine ratio. The opposite was seen in the group with a mean no-flare protein:creatinine ratio of >1.0.Conclusion. Current thresholds for defining proteinuric flare appear to be set either too high or too low. A randomized trial would be needed to test whether resetting the thresholds would result in faster remission, reduction in therapy, and decrease in the frequency of chronic kidney disease.

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Low‐intensity‐ultrasound–accelerated nerve regeneration using cell‐seeded poly(D,L‐lactic acid‐co‐glycolic acid) conduits: An in vivo and in vitro study

et al. 2005

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This study investigated the effects of low intensity ultrasound on seeded Schwann cells within poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) conduits by in vitro and in vivo trials for peripheral nerve regeneration. The possible differences in the ultrasonic effects when using biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials as the conduits were also studied, using silicone rubber tubes as comparisons. In the in vitro study, seeded Schwann cells were cultured in serum deprivation culture medium that simulated the environment of mechanical trauma on injury nerve site. After 12, 24, and 48 h, only the PLGA conduit groups exposed to 0.05 W/cm(2), 3 min/treatment of ultrasound exhibited decreased LDH release and increased MTT values compared to the sham groups. Based on the results of the in vitro experiment in LDH and MTT testing, the silicone conduits with seeded Schwann cells group was ignored in the in vivo study. The PLGA nerve conduits seeded with Schwann cells (9 x 10(3) cells) were implanted to 15-mm right sciatic nerve defects in rats. Each conduit received 12 ultrasonic treatment sessions over 2 weeks after 1 day of rest. Ultrasound was applied as follows: frequency, 1MHz; intensity, 0.3 W/cm(2) (SATP); treatment, 5 min/day. Implanted graft specimens were harvested for histological analysis at 8 weeks following surgery. PLGA groups (with and without Schwann cells) treated with pulsed ultrasonic stimulation were found to have significantly greater number and area of regenerated axons at the mid-conduit of implanted grafts, as compared to the sham groups. Ultrasonic stimulation on silicone groups was found to induce a mass of fibrous tissues that covered the nerve conduits and retarded axon regeneration.

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Application of Low-Intensity Ultrasound to Growing Bone in Rats

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

The effects of therapeutic vs. high‐intensity ultrasound on the rabbit growth plate

The effects of therapeutic vs. high‐intensity ultrasound on the rabbit growth plate

An approach to validating criteria for proteinuric flare in systemic lupus erythematosus glomerulonephritis

Low‐intensity‐ultrasound–accelerated nerve regeneration using cell‐seeded poly(D,L‐lactic acid‐co‐glycolic acid) conduits: An in vivo and in vitro study

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